@ARTICLE{Fontanieu_Gwladys_A_2019,
 author={Fontanieu, Gwladys and Darmency, Henri},
 volume={vol. 59},
 number={No 1},
 journal={Journal of Plant Protection Research},
 pages={19-25},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2019},
 publisher={Committee of Plant Protection PAS},
 publisher={Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute},
 abstract={Currently more and more research is being done on integrated weed management to reduce or avoid herbicide use. Some growers are already using isotherapic dilutions to control weeds in organic farming. Isotherapy is different from homeopathy because it uses diluted and potentized (succussed) solutions of alcoholic macerate of the very pest causing health troubles. We set up a germination experiment to test if isotherapic dilutions of leaf macerate of annual ryegrass affect the dynamics of its seed germination in Petri dishes. Our results were diverse, from no effect to 10% more growing degree days necessary to reach 50% germination. It is doubtful that so low an effect will contribute to integrated weed management unless the slightly delayed germination triggers secondary effects at other life stages. This is in accordance with the scientific literature on that topic: two-fifths of the reports showed no effect, two-fifths resulted in positive responses and one-fifth had diverse responses for the criteria tested.},
 type={Article},
 title={A glance at isotherapy to control weed germination},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/109971/PDF/Gwladys.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/jppr.2019.126041},
 keywords={germination, homeopathy, isotherapy, plant protection, review, ryegrass, weed control},
}