@ARTICLE{Kutinkova_Hristina_The_2006,
 author={Kutinkova, Hristina and Andreev, Radoslav and Arnaoudov, Vesselin},
 volume={vol. 46},
 number={No 2},
 journal={Journal of Plant Protection Research},
 pages={111-115},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2006},
 publisher={Committee of Plant Protection PAS},
 publisher={Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute},
 abstract={The leopard moth borer, Zeuzera pyrina L., is a cossid moth whose larvae bore into twigs, branches and trunks of various woody species, weakening and sometimes killing trees or shrubs. Recently it caused serious losses of apple trees in Bulgaria. In a three-year-old non-protected apple orchard in the Plovdiv region more than 30% of trees perished due to damage by this pest. In the nursery and in commercial orchards up to 5% of branches were injured. Main damage was observed in August and September. Both cossids, Zeuzera pyrina and Cossus cossus, damaged 15–20% of the stems in old commercial orchards and more than 60–70% in orchards without regular plant protection. In this study flight dynamics of Z. pyrina was monitored by two types of pheromone traps: Pherocon (Trécé, USA) – traps with sticky changeable bottom and Mastrap (Isagro, Italy) – dry funnel traps. The second type was more effective. Flight of moths lasted from mid-June to the beginning of September. Pheromone traps may be helpful in IPM systems, for signalling optimal time for spraying against this pest. Further studies are needed to determine correlation between the catches in pheromone traps and appearance of injuries.},
 type={Artykuły / Articles},
 title={The leopard moth borer, Zeuzera pyrina L. (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) – important pest in Bulgaria},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/118542/PDF/111-115_The%20leopard%20moth%20borer_.pdf},
 keywords={apple, leopard moth borer, Zeuzera pyrina L., flight dynamics, pheromone traps, damage, integrated fruit production},
}