TY - JOUR N2 - The topic of the article is a description of European urbonyms which fulfilled both political and commemorative roles in the past. The city names are presented in chronological order starting from ancient times to the 20th century. The ancient toponyms are related to the expansion of the Roman Empire, and the names of Roman emperors are used as a foundation for these toponyms. Such urbonyms created on the outskirts of the Roman Empire made reference to their new political allegiance and confirmed it. These naming practices therefore played an important role in the process of territorial expansion and the consolidation of political control. This naming model was also present in Byzantium, and became popular on the outskirts of medieval Ruthenia under the influence of the Byzantine Empire. The tradition of commemorating political rulers through toponyms stayed constant in the Eastern Slavic regions, and was continued by the Russian monarchy as well as the USSR. Such naming practices were initially used as a tool for the structural organisation of Kievan Rus’, and later to erase foreign names from these regions of Tsarist Russia. In Communist times, this tradition reaffirmed the new political reality through the use of surnames of political figures in toponyms. In the 20th century there was an increase in surnames featured in urbanonyms (the names of streets, squares, housing estates). This increase was meant to preserve the memory of remarkable individuals in society. L1 - http://journals.pan.pl/Content/109446/PDF/60.21%20Zeirhaffer.pdf L2 - http://journals.pan.pl/Content/109446 PY - 2016 IS - No 60 EP - 315 KW - urbonyms with ruler’s names KW - territorial expansion KW - surnames in the urbonyms and urbanonyms A1 - Zierhofferowa, Zofia A1 - Zierhoffer, Karol PB - Komitet Językoznawstwa PAN PB - Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN DA - 2016 T1 - Political and Commemorative Functions of the Deanthroponymic Urbonyms SP - 303 UR - http://journals.pan.pl/dlibra/publication/edition/109446 T2 - Onomastica ER -