TY - JOUR N2 - A vertical cut at the mid-depth of the 15-ton forging steel ingot has been performed by curtesy of the CELSA – Huta Ostrowiec plant. Some metallographic studies were able to reveal not only the chilled undersized grains under the ingot surface but columnar grains and large equiaxed grains as well. Additionally, the structural zone within which the competition between columnar and equiaxed structure formation was confirmed by metallography study, was also revealed. Therefore, it seemed justified to reproduce some of the observed structural zones by means of numerical calculation of the temperature field. The formation of the chilled grains zone is the result of unconstrained rapid solidification and was not subject of simulation. Contrary to the equiaxed structure formation, the columnar structure or columnar branched structure formation occurs under steep thermal gradient. Thus, the performed simulation is able to separate both discussed structural zones and indicate their localization along the ingot radius as well as their appearance in term of solidification time. L1 - http://journals.pan.pl/Content/88894/PDF/17_paper.pdf L2 - http://journals.pan.pl/Content/88894 PY - 2015 IS - No 4 DO - 10.1515/afe-2015-0085 KW - Theory of crystallizations KW - Thermal gradient field KW - Constrained solidification KW - Unconstrained solidification A1 - Skuza, W. A1 - Kania, B. A1 - Kwapisiński, P. A1 - Wołczyński, W. A1 - Bydałek, A.W. A1 - Wajda, W. PB - The Katowice Branch of the Polish Academy of Sciences DA - 2015[2015.01.01 AD - 2015.12.31 AD] T1 - Numerical Model for Solidification Zones Selection in the Large Ingots UR - http://journals.pan.pl/dlibra/publication/edition/88894 T2 - Archives of Foundry Engineering ER -