Research on improving the performance of microstrip antennas is continuously developing the following technology; this is due to its light dimensions, cheap and easy fabrication, and performance that is not inferior to other dimension antennas. Especially in telecommunications, microstrip antennas are constantly being studied to increase bandwidth and gain according to current cellular technology. Based on the problem of antenna performance limitations, optimization research is always carried out to increase the gain to become the antenna standard required by 5G applications. This research aims to increase the gain by designing a 5-element microstrip planar array antenna arrangement at a uniform distance (lamda/2) with edge weights at a frequency of 2.6 GHz, Through the 1x5 antenna design with parasitic patch, without parasitic, and using proximity coupling.This study hypothesizes that by designing an N-element microstrip planar array antenna arrangement at uniform spacing (lamda/2) with edge weights, a multi-beam radiation pattern character will be obtained so that to increase gain, parasitic patches contribute to antenna performance. This research contributes to improving the main lobe to increase the gain performance of the 1x5 planar array antenna. Based on the simulation results of a 1x5 microstrip planar array antenna using a parasitic patch and edge weighting, a gain value of 7.34 dB is obtained; without a parasitic patch, a gain value of 7.03 dB is received, using a parasitic patch and proximity coupling, a gain value of 2.29 dB is obtained. The antenna configuration with the addition of a parasitic patch, even though it is only supplied at the end (edge weighting), is enough to contribute to the parameters impedance, return loss, VSWR, and total gain based on the resulting antenna radiation pattern. The performance of the 1x5 microstrip planar array antenna with parasitic patch and double substrate (proximity coupling), which is expected to contribute even more to the gain side and antenna performance, has yet to be achieved. The 1x5 planar array antenna design meets the 5G gain requirement of 6 dB.

The phenomenon that occurs today is an increase in the use of electrical energy consumption every year and especially in Public Street Lighting (PSL) lamps. It can be noticed that almost every road is public, and the expressway has PSL lights. PSL lamps are installed on each median, left or right of the road with a distance between ± lights of 30meters. The object of research on this foreign cooperation is located in the PIK2 project located in the Dadap area, Indonesia. The PSL lamp installation location has a road length of ±1.8Km. PSL lamps used have a power of 250watts. While the specific purpose of this study is to design and analyze measurements of power, voltage and current in PSL lamps and also to control and monitor the condition of PSL lamps through the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) by applying a star topology for the efficiency of electrical energy consumption in PSL lamps, using microcontrollers, sensors, and LoRa. This research is expected to produce a best practice model for the application of WSN in the PSL system in Indonesia and become a recommendation for companies in improving WSN technology and global competitiveness. The proposed research methods are quantitative and objective, so this study is applied to acquire and distribute data at PSL light points. The data on the sensor will be sent through the end node which is then sent to the coordinator node or gateway. The sensor data on this tool can be displayed by accessing the ubidots.

This research began when observations were made on any-to-any-connection services that require QoS (Quality of Service) and tunnel measurements. Tunnel is a technique to interconnect between local networks that are separated through a public network. Research questions found looping caused by traffic issues when sending data in the MPLS service layer-2 tunneling service. Furthermore, this research hypothesis proposes optimizing QoS performance in the application of the SR-TE (Segment Routing-Traffic Engineering) method in the MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) network and analyzing traffic based on MAC addresses using the looping-protection method. This research contributes to optimizing the MPLS network and is a recommended solution for simplifying control-plane operation, especially the SR-TE method and looping-protection in the L2- VPN MPLS service. The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of MPLS networks, as well as analyze the application of L2-VPN (Layer 2 Virtual Private Network) MPLS networks. The targeted TKT (Technology Readiness Level) is 3rd-Level, which is an analytical and experimental proof of the MPLS tunnel network model on Layer-2 VPN services. The results of the research concluded that testing the SR-TE method is a solution to simplify the process of labeling data traffic that is global labelling, then the looping-protection method is a solution to eliminate looping indications. The QoS obtained has also shown an "excellent" category based on TIPHON standards.

The current technological development is SD-WAN (Software-Defined Wide Area Network) which provides highperformance access for users located far from the head office so as to allow faster network connections and has been facilitated automation techniques for branch offices. This research solves the problem of XYZ company because it is known that the company requires network connectivity with a high SLA (Service Level Agreement) and no downtime in the information exchange process. This research hypothesis assumes that using SD-WAN would be ideal and the problems with XYZ company were resolved. The purpose of this research is the implementation of a WAN network using SD-WAN technology against two ISPs on the FortiGate router, as well as testing QoS (Quality of Service) that has been configured using the BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) routing method. This research plan consists of ISP-A using IP-VPN (Internet Protocol-Virtual Private Network) and ISP-B using broadband Internet. The test scenario was carried out using 3 methods, namely Full Service Scenario, Fail Over Scenario-1 when the IP VPN service is down and Fail Over Scenario-2 when the broadband Internet service is down. The final results of the research have obtained "Satisfactory" results for both services, including the average index on ISP-A and ISP-B of 3.7.