Distribution and numbers of Lobodon carcinophagus and Leptonychotes weddelli were evaluated. Lobodon carcinophagus dominated on ice floes in offshore zone of Mirnyj Station and in regions of open pack ice close to the northern edge of ice fields. Leptonychotes weddelli dominated only on the shore-ice close to Leningradskaja Station in March 1979. A thesis of the lowered daily activity of Leptonychotes weddelli was confirmed by observations.

W relacjach chińsko-japońskich istnieje wiele skomplikowanych problemów, które jak zawsze w stosunkach sąsiedzkich mają głęboki kontekst historyczny. Rywalizacja polityczna oraz ekspansywna polityka ekonomiczna i militarna ChRL powoduje, że państwo to kwestionuje istniejący stan terytorialny na Morzu Wschodniochińskim i Południowochińskim. Przedmiotem roszczeń Chin (zarówno Tajwanu, jak i Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej) są znajdujące się pod japońską administracją wyspy Senkaku. Oba państwa mają także sprzeczne stanowiska prawne dotyczące delimitacji wyłącznej strefy ekonomicznej między Chinami a Japonią (Riukiu) na Morzu Wschodniochińskim oraz co do statusu Okino Tori-shimy podlegającej japońskiej suwerenności. Każdy z tych trzech sporów w konsekwencji dotyczy jednak przede wszystkim delimitacji znacznych obszarów wyłącznej strefy ekonomicznej między tymi państwami.

Professor Jerzy Pelc was the creator and long-time manager of the Department of Logical Semiotics, University of Warsaw. He also founded the Polish Society of Semiotics. He published six own books, among others Studies in Functional Logical Semiotics of Natural Language (1971; in English); he edited also dozens of volumes of Semiotic Studies and Library of Semiotic Thought. As Kotarbiński, his master, and Twardowski, the master of his master, Professor Pelc was a radical rationalist. This radical rationalism has linked him to atheism, anti-communism, a distance to politics, and a frown on the falsehood of public life. He was a great patriot – in his life and in his work. He considered himself a successor of the Lvov-Warsaw School tradition. In the field of metaphysics, Professor Pelc combined theoretical minimalism with anti-rationalist attitudes, including the postulate of precision and the requirement of criticism. The main field of his interest was logical – and broader: theoretical – semiotics. He advocated and largely developed the functional concept of signs. To traditional paradigms of research: historical, teleological, causal and prognostic ones – Professor Pelc has added a semiotic paradigm, determined by the question “What does it mean that p?”. Referring to the interdisciplinary fashion for interdisciplinary research, he conducted an analysis of the notion of INTERDISCIPLINARITY. In ontology, he analyzed the notions of OBJECT and CAUSALITY. In his approach, aesthetics was treated form a semiotic point of view: he sought mainly ways to logically rewrite its terminology. In particular, he reconstructed the main aesthetic notions: FORM and IDEOLOGY (of literary works), THEME, MOTIVE, METAPHOR and (literary) FICTION – as well as semiotic notions essential to the description of literary arts, namely the notions of ASSERTION and INTENSIONALITY. In the field of ethics, Professor Pelc declared himself as an advocate of the ideal of trustworthy guardian, which he took over from his teacher, Kotarbiński. In metaethics, he analyzed the notions of NORM, EVALUATION and HUMANITY. A master of Polish: beautiful Polish – he was certainly a true humanist.