The article introduces a novel Internet diagnosis utility - an open source IP packet snifferwhich captures TCP and UDP packets sent and received by a single Linux process only. Preliminary evaluation results are presented. The utility can be applied in the field of IP traffic classification.

Hope is often treated as a priceless human value anchored in goal-related cognitions. The experiment aimed to investigate whether current hopeful thinking is related to problem-solving performance and how induced goal-oriented thinking influences this problem-solving process. Participants (N = 410) were asked to recall and describe their successful or unsuccessful goal pursuit and complete a scale assessing current hopeful thinking. Subsequently, participants were instructed to (1) think about actions that would be taken to solve the societal problem (i.e., an insufficient number of volunteers in Social Welfare Centers) and (2) describe these actions. In general, people who recalled successful events felt more hopeful than those who recalled unsuccessful events. State Hope was positively correlated with both the quantity (i.e., the total number of solutions) and quality (i.e., usefulness) of participants’ offered solutions. No interaction between State Hope and type of conditions with solution quantity or solution quality was found. State hope, however, interacted with the type of recalled goal pursuit when sex differences were considered. More hopeful women had a better solution quality when they recalled an unsuccessful goal pursuit. For men, a similar pattern was found when they recalled a successful goal pursuit. Lastly, the findings were discussed in light of Snyder’s Theory of Hope.

Przeprowadzono badania nad składem ziarnowym pyłu pochodzącego z głównych węzłów technologicznych jednej z hut cynku w Polsce, a mianowicie ze spiekalni, pieca szybowego i rafinerii ołowiu. Próbki pyłu pobrano z pyłu zatrzymanego w filtrach workowych. W badaniach zastosowano analizę sitową, sedymentacyjną i laserowy analizator składu frakcyjnego. Określono udział liczbowy i masowy pyłu występującego w dziewięciu przedziałach ziarnowych: 0-2,5, 2,5-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-32, 32-40, 40-63, 63-100, I 00-250 μm. Uzyskane wyniki poddano, stosując metodę estymacji nieliniowej, analizie statystycznej, której celem było wyznaczenie funkcji matematycznych opisujących zmiany składu frakcyjnego poszczególnych pyłów (liczbowego i masowego). Zastosowanie modelu regresji w postaci wielomianowej zapewniło wysoki stopień korelacji dopasowanych funkcji do danych pomiarowych. Wyniki badań przedstawiono w tabelach i w formie graficznej. Stwierdzono znaczne zróżnicowanie składu frakcyjnego badanych próbek pyłu zależnie od mechanizmu tworzenia się pyłu, a tym samym od warunków prowadzenia procesu technologicznego oraz składu przetwarzanych surowców. Duży udział cząstek respirabilnych w pyle może stanowić poważne zagrożenie dla populacji, zwłaszcza w przypadku awarii urządzeń odpylających w instalacjach produkcyjnych.

Research on the occurrence of polyporus fungi in Czaplinek were conducted in 2004 and 2005 in 6 designated regions, using the route method (area search). 363 sites containing polyporus fungi belonging to 24 species and 4 families - Coriolaceae, Ganodermataceae, Hymenochaeteceae and Polyporaceae - have been found. The most numerous among the species were Bjerkandera ac/us/a (Wills. Fr.) P. Karst. (87 sites) and Ganoderma applanat um (Pers.) Pat. (66 sites). Three species listed on the Red List of makrofungi in Poland tDotroma mol/is (Sommer. Fr.) Dank, l110110/11s hispidus (Bull. Fr.) P. Karst. and Ganoderma l ucidum (W. Curt. Fr.) P. Karst.) have been identified. It should be noted that C. lucidum is one of the fungi under strict legal protection.

The spontaneous diploidization rates in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) via in vitro androgenesis are too low for practical applications. In contrast, artificial doubling of chromosomes of the microspore has proven to be more successful and allows homozygous plants to be obtained in a short time. Here, we present the efficiency of diploidization of B. napus haploids using three different chromosome doubling methods.

Using the in vitro approach in microspores, the rate of chromosome doubling in 24 populations of androgenic plants ranged from 15.8% to 94.0%. An alternative in vivo method for the induction of chromosome doubling involves colchicine treatment of young haploid plants, and this yielded doubling rates ranging from 47.5% to 86.4% in 10 different plant populations. Another in vivo method of chromosome doubling is colchicine treatment of the excised young axillary shoots of haploid plants at the early flowering stage. The high efficiency of this method was confirmed in haploid plant populations from 11 genetically distinct donors in which the frequency of occurrence of diploids ranged from 53.3% to 100%. However, in this case, the time required for seed formation from doubled haploids increased by about 3–5 months. The availability of several methods of chromosome doubling at various stages of the androgenic process – from isolated microspores through to young plants and flowering plants – allows seeds to be obtained from nearly every selected individual haploid.

This research article aims to provide a detailed numerical study of the multifaceted impact of S-shaped and broken arc roughness on solar air heaters. Therefore, a strong comparison was made between the modified heaters and smooth heaters for Reynolds numbers ranging from 2 00022 000. Also, the impact of two parameters, i.e. pitch and gap was analyzed to optimize the performance of the heater. The gap varies from 0.3 mm to 0.9 mm in both types of ribs with a step size of 0.2 mm. Afterwards, the pitch distance between both types of roughness was varied from 15 mm to 25 mm in the step size of 5 mm. Notably, it has been observed that among all the considered configurations, the gap length of 0.9 mm and pitch length of 25 mm have shown significant improvements in heat transfer characteristics. The specific combination of the gap of 0.9 mm and pitch of 25 mm has demonstrated better heat transfer capabilities at the expense of an increased friction factor. Lastly, the thermal performance factor of the systems was analyzed and reported. It was reported that the pitch length of 25 mm and gap length of 0.9 mm have shown a maximum thermal performance factor value from 2.9 to 3.3, while the pitch length of 25 mm and gap length of 0.3 mm have depicted the lowest thermal performance factor value. In terms of the overall performance, i.e. the thermal performance factor, the combination with a gap of 0.9 mm and pitch of 25 mm has shown the best performance, while a gap of 0.3 mm and pitch of 25 mm has yielded the worst performance.