A Fe-4.34Ni alloy was solidified directionally in the Bridgman system. The solid-liquid interface has been frozen and doublet structure revealed. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy proved that peritectic reaction had occurred during solidification and modified profile of solute redistribution within primary phase existed just before peritectic reaction. Energ Dispersive X-Ray Spectrimetry (EDXS) solute measurements confirmed also the influence of doublet tip splitting on the solute redistribution. The obtained profile of solute redistribution modified by tip splitting has been compared to analogous profile obtained for the Al-3.5Li alloy in which doublet structure has also been formed but peritectic reaction does not exist. However, in the latter some precipitates have been predicted and revealed by use of the Scanning Electron Microscopy. Relevant equations have been formulated in order to fit experimental solute redistribution within frozen morphology of the Fe-4.34Ni alloy. The formulated equations are an analytical description of the peritectic reaction. It employs the merastable solidus line position known from the Fe-Ni phase diagram. An orientation of the doublet topography has also been determined based on electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) acquired from the Al-3.5Li doublet shaped cells solidified and frozen during microgravity test.

The study analyses application possibilities of filtration and thickening models in evaluation of papermaking suspension drainage rate. The authors proposed their own method to estimate the drainage rate on the basis of an existing Ergun capillary model of liquid flow through a granular material. The proposed model was less sensitive to porosity changes than the Ergun model. An empirical verification proved robustness of the proposed approach. Taking into account discrepancies in the published data concerning how the drainage velocity of papermaking suspension is defined, this study examines which of the commonly applied models matches experimental results the best.

Twenty-three species of crustose Teloschistaceae were collected from the northwest of the Murmansk region of Russia during field trips in 2013 and 2015. Blastenia scabrosa is a new combination supported by molecular data. Blastenia scabrosa, Caloplaca fuscorufa and Flavoplaca havaasii are new to Russia. Blastenia scabrosa is also new to the Caucasus Mts and Sweden. Detailed morphological measurements of the Russian specimens of these species are provided. Caloplaca exsecuta, C. grimmiae and C. sorocarpa are new to the Murmansk region. The taxonomic position of C. alcarum is briefly discussed.