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Using artificial neural networks to predict the reference evapotranspiration

Amal Abo El-Magd Shaimaa M. Baraka Samir F.M. Eid

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2023 | No 57 | 1-8 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2023.143768

Keywords climate data ETo calculator feed-forward artificial neural networks Penman–Monteith method reference evaporation root mean squared error

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Abstract

Artificial neural network models (ANNs) were used in this study to predict reference evapotranspiration ( ET_o) using climatic data from the meteorological station at the test station in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate as inputs and reference evaporation values computed using the Penman–Monteith (PM) equation. These datasets were used to train and test seven different ANN models that included different combinations of the five diurnal meteorological variables used in this study, namely, maximum and minimum air temperature ( T_max and T_min), dew point temperature ( T_dw), wind speed ( u), and precipitation (P), how well artificial neural networks could predict ET_o values. A feed- forward multi-layer artificial neural network was used as the optimization algorithm. Using the tansig transfer function, the final architected has a 6-5-1 structure with 6 neurons in the input layer, 5 neurons in the hidden layer, and 1 neuron in the output layer that corresponds to the reference evapotranspiration. The root mean square error ( RMSE) of 0.1295 mm∙day ^–1 and the correlation coefficient ( r) of 0.996 are estimated by artificial neural network ET_o models. When fewer inputs are used, ET_o values are affected. When three separate variables were employed, the RMSE test values were 0.379 and 0.411 mm∙day ^–1 and r values of 0.971 and 0.966, respectively, and when two input variables were used, the RMSE test was 0.595 mm∙day ^–1 and the r of 0.927. The study found that including the time indicator as an input to all groups increases the prediction of ET_o values significantly, and that including the rain factor has no effect on network performance. Then, using the Penman–Monteith method to estimate the missing variables by using the ET_o calculator the normalised root mean squared error ( NRMSE) reached about 30% to predict ET_o if all data except temperature is calculated, while the NRMSE reached about of 13.6% when used ANN to predict ET_o using variables of temperature only.

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Authors and Affiliations

Amal Abo El-Magd

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Shaimaa M. Baraka

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Samir F.M. Eid

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AEnRI), Agricultural Research Centre (ARC) Nadi El-Said St. Dokki, P.O. Box 256, Giza, Egypt
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Cairo, Egypt

Ecosystem services of the cryogenic environments: identification, evaluation and monetisation – A review

Evgeny Abakumov Azamat Suleymanov Yuriy Guzov Victor Titov Angelina Vashuk Elena Shestakova Irina Fedorova

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2022 | No 52 | 1-8 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2021.139937

Keywords amenability Arctic cryogenic environment economic assessment ecosystem services monetisation

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Abstract

The article discusses the valuation of ecosystem services in connection with the economic activity of the Russian Federation in the Arctic zone. It also considers the categories of ecosystem services in general and the assessment of ecosystem services in the Arctic in particular. The article also considers types of negative impacts on the Arctic ecosystems, their assessment, and investment risks existing in ecosystem services. It is shown that the application of the methodology and ecosystem services contributes to the adequate assessment and creation of a hierarchical classification of “usefulness” and “benefits” for society derived from the existence, use, and non-use of ecosystems. The concept of Arctic ecosystem services consists of three components: identification, monetisation, and ecological risk assessment. Identification, classification, and initial assessment, mainly at the qualitative level, allow us to determine and classify services for further improvement of life quality and regulation of socio-economic effects of environmental changes. Quantitative assessment is related to the identification of the degree of ecosystem service amenability. The example of the Arctic ecosystems shows that the possibility to assess and the accuracy of the assessment can be quite different and largely depends on the type of service. The analysis of possible ecosystem services and their relationship with the quality of life in the Russian Arctic indicates significant investment risks.

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Authors and Affiliations

Evgeny Abakumov

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Azamat Suleymanov

1 2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Yuriy Guzov

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Victor Titov

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Angelina Vashuk

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Elena Shestakova

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Irina Fedorova

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Saint Petersburg State University, 16 line 29 Vasilyevskiy Island, 199178, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia

Ba-Fe titanates in peralkaline granite of the Ilímaussaq Complex, South Greenland

Małgorzata Cegiełka Bogusław Bagiński Ray Macdonald Beata Marciniak-Maliszewska Marcin Stachowicz

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2022 | vol. 72 | No 1 | 1-8 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2021.137709

Keywords Ilímaussaq peralkaline granite Henrymeyerite Low-Fe Ba Titanate

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Abstract

A peralkaline granite of the Ilímaussaq Complex, South Greenland, contains the rare mineral henrymeyerite [(Ba0.92Na0.05Ca0.03)1.0(Ti6.87Fe2+1.04Nb0.03)7.9O16], a low-Fe Ba titanate [(Ba0.74Ca0.02Na0.05)0.8 (Ti4.9oFe2+0.15 Nb0.04)5.1O11], and an unidentified Ba titanosilicate. Both titanates show the coupled substitution 2Na+ + Si4+ → Ba2+ + Ti4+. The minerals are present as tiny crystals fringing ilmenite inclusions in an amphibole crystal and are thought to have formed during the hydrothermal stage of the granite’s evolution.

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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Cegiełka

1 2

Bogusław Bagiński

1

Ray Macdonald

1 3

Beata Marciniak-Maliszewska

1

Marcin Stachowicz

1

Department of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Petrology, Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Centre in Warsaw,Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK

Use of modelling for the renovation of drainage channels – The case of the Bouteldja plain in northeastern Algeria

Foued Sennaoui Tamara Benabdesselam Abdallah Saihia

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2019 | No 43 | 1-8

Keywords channels drainage HEC-RAS modelling sediment transport

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Abstract

Agricultural drainage has become a priority in agriculture and the economic development of the state. Algeria has launched several agro-economic projects pertaining to natural resources and human potential for development in agricultur-al areas. Our aim is to model the morphological evolution of open drainage channels, under the influence of sedimentary transport processes. The application of the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) software is to examine two-phase mathematical models. In our case it is the flow and the sedimentary charge along a trapezoidal earth channel of a wetland north east of Algeria. The results of these models were validated by actual data obtained during the observation period from 2017 to 2018, for various rainy events. The solid transport and sedimentation velocity equa-tions of Engelund and Hansen and Van Rijn respectively used by this model, give Nash performance criteria equal to 0.95 and determination coefficient R2 equal to 0.91. On the other hand, the laying of a coarse gravel layer of median diameter of the grains d50% = 60 mm on the bottom of the channels reduces the rate of sedimentation by about 32% over an 11-year pe-riod. This satisfying objective study of the modelling allows to obtain an approach to the renovation and a plan for new design of drainage systems, that participates to the sustainable development in the agricultural field.

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Authors and Affiliations

Foued Sennaoui

Tamara Benabdesselam

Abdallah Saihia

Stability of positive linear discrete-time systems

G. James V. Rumchev

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2005 | vol. 53 | No 1 | 1-8

Keywords positive systems equilibrium points stability

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Abstract

The main focus of the paper is on the asymptotic behaviour of linear discrete-time positive systems. Emphasis is on highlighting the relationship between asymptotic stability and the structure of the system, and to expose the relationship between null-controllability and asymptotic stability. Results are presented for both time-invariant and time-variant systems.

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Authors and Affiliations

G. James

V. Rumchev

Thermo-mechanical phenomena in the process of friction welding of corundum ceramics and aluminium

Z. Lindemann K. Skalski W. Włosiński J. Zimmerman

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2006 | vol. 54 | No 1 | 1-8

Keywords Friction welding ceramics-metal bonding finite element method thermo-mechanical modelling temperature field displacement field

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Abstract

In the paper the modelling of thermo-mechanical effects in the process of friction welding of corundum ceramics and aluminium is presented. The modelling is performed by means of finite element method. The corundum ceramics contains 97% of Al2O3. The mechanical and temperature fields are considered as coupled fields. Simulation of loading of the elements bonded with the heat flux from friction heat on the contact surface is also shown. The heat flux was modified in the consecutive time increments of numerical solutions by changeable pressure on contact surface. Time depending temperature distribution in the bonded elements is also determined. The temperature distribution on the periphery of the cylindrical surfaces of the ceramics and Al was compared to the temperature measurements done with a thermovision camera. The results of the simulation were compared to those obtained from the tests performed by means of a friction welding machine

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Authors and Affiliations

Z. Lindemann

K. Skalski

W. Włosiński

J. Zimmerman

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Using artificial neural networks to predict the reference evapotranspiration

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

Ecosystem services of the cryogenic environments: identification, evaluation and monetisation – A review

Abstract

Bibliography

Authors and Affiliations

Ba-Fe titanates in peralkaline granite of the Ilímaussaq Complex, South Greenland

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

Use of modelling for the renovation of drainage channels – The case of the Bouteldja plain in northeastern Algeria

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

Stability of positive linear discrete-time systems

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

Thermo-mechanical phenomena in the process of friction welding of corundum ceramics and aluminium

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations