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Number of results: 6
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Abstract

Mercury emissions have become one of the problems in the energy sector in recent years. The currently used mercury removal techniques include: primary, secondary and preliminary methods. However, due to the large variation in the mercury content in hard and brown coal and the different characteristics of power plants, these methods are often not effective enough to meet the new requirements set by BREF/BAT which requires a search for new, high-efficiency solutions. The proposal for a new technology has been developed in the project “Hybrid Adsorption Systems to Reduce Mercury Emissions Using Highly Effective Polymer Components” (HYBREM). The project was implemented by the consortium of SBB Energy SA and ZEPAK Pątnów II Power Plant. An innovative, high-efficiency hybrid technology for purifying exhaust gases from mercury was developed. GORE polymer modules were used as a technology base where, in combination with the injection of solid sorbents, a hybrid technology was developed. To assess the economic efficiency of the similar case as in the HYBREM project model based on OPEX and CAPEX, each method was selected separately. The article focused on the substitution of solid sorbents used in the HYBREM project by zeolite based materials. Modified zeolite X, applied in the project, was derived from fly ash. Preliminary analysis shows that the system of proposed technologies is very cost-competitive compared only to GORE technology. The basic factors are the possibility of recovering zeolites from ash, combined with low investment outlays.

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Authors and Affiliations

Renata Koneczna
ORCID: ORCID
Robert Żmuda
Łukasz Lelek
Magdalena Wdowin
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

Plastic obtained from the discarded computers, televisions, refrigerators, and other electronic devices is termed as e-plastic waste. E-plastic waste is non-biodegradable waste. This paper focuses to investigate the replacement of fine aggregate with plastic aggregate obtained from e-plastic. The paper presents a detailed comparison of concrete properties (i.e.: compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, density and workability) for normal concrete and concrete containing e-plastic fine aggregates. The testing was conducted according to the ASTM standards. 28-day Compressive, Flexural and Split tensile strengths were determined. In addition to the effect of e-plastic fine aggregate, silica fume is added as an admixture to find the effect on strengths. Authors have performed a compressive, flexural and tensile test of concrete mix with various percentages of e-plastic aggregates (i.e., 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%) and silica fume (i.e.: 0, 5 and 10%) and concrete densities are also considered. It has been concluded that an increase in the e-plastic fine aggregate results in reduction in densities, compressive, flexural and tensile strength values. However, when we add silica fume to the concrete mixture it leads to strength values similar to the control mixture. The optimum obtained concrete blend contained 5% e-plastic fine aggregates and 10% silica fume. The addition of silica fume in concrete mixtures increases the 28-day compressive, flexural and tensile strengths. Moreover, the density of concrete decreases with the increase in the e-plastic aggregates.

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Authors and Affiliations

Adil Farooq
Muneeb Abid Malik
Tauqeer Tariq
Mamoon Riaz
Waqas Haroon
Awais Malik
Mujeeb Ur Rehman
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Abstract

The article is devoted to the subject of ethical problems in Aleksandr Vampilov’s drama Duck Hunting. A detailed analysis of the character concepts and the complexity of the composition enable one to reach the motives and images the work’s contents are actualized through: rain, a window, a door, a telephone – these are the recurring motives crucial in presenting the moral dilemmas of the main character – Viktor Zilov. Each of them may be interpreted as a sign of spiritual anxiety and Zilov’s efforts, his ups and downs, questioning the value of life and giving it some meaning. An oscillation between extremes, transitioning from drama to comedy and from laughter to tears, determines the structure of the text and, at the same time, gives an expression of the main character’s existential quest, one lost in the intricacies of every‑day reality. A The drama’s perfect structuring, the careful construction of space – the real and the imaginary, sound and light effects are all subordinated to the one imperative goal – showing Zilov’s spiritual evolution and the moral feeling still present in his life.
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Authors and Affiliations

Beata Siwek
1

  1. Lublin, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
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Abstract

The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the American and European population is estimated to be extremely high. Although fewer people today suff er from serious health problems related to calcium and phosphate metabolism resulting from vitamin D deficiency, there are more and more studies suggesting that calcitriol may play an important role in the pathogenesis of other diseases in virtually every body system. A growing body of research shows that through its ubiquitously expressed receptor, calcitriol displays potent anti-angiogenic an anti-inflammatory activity. Th is review summarizes recent discoveries regarding these non-classical eff ects of vitamin D and their clinical implications. Data collection focused on the prevention and treatment of ocular diseases as well as on the underlying mechanisms.

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Authors and Affiliations

Kamil Skowron
Ilona Pawlicka
Krzysztof Gil
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Abstract

The aim of the study is to compare flexible pavement design lifespans and the main factors which create their values for a standard structure and one with an anti-fatigue course AF at different parameter values of pavement and its load, relevant to their design processes. Depending on the mixture used for the anti-fatigue course or the course thickness, durability improvement of the pavement (compared to the durability of a standard structure) can be obtained by extending the design lifespan of the asphalt base course or by extending the design lifespan of the AF course. On sections with predominantly slow traffic, the lifespan decreases significantly compared to sections with typical vehicle speed – the relative decrease is greater if anti-fatigue course is applied.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Nagórska
R. Nagórski
K. Błażejowski
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Abstract

The idea of students giving official grades to teachers is new in the centuries-old history of education. Today, the technical side of its implementation is usually discussed, while the purposefulness and usefulness are rarely in focus. The article provides a justification for the view that the student survey is a poor measuring instrument and it is used contrary to its intended use. First, it is unclear what exactly it measures, but it does so imprecisely as there are many known factors that are potentially sources of bias. Second, only to a small extent is the survey actually used to improve the quality of teaching. A separate argument was also given for the opinion that student evaluation of classes not only brings little benefit, but also causes some harm.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Grzegorek
1

  1. Katedra Psychologii Ogólnej, Instytut Psychologii, Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie

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