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Abstract

The problem of influence of mechanical vibrations on a measurement is well known and analyzed for ground conditions. However, the problem becomes quite essential and difficult to solve in space conditions. The influence of vibrations on accuracy of the measurement was observed on MIPAS – ENVISAT and in PFS Mars Express.

This paper presents an experimental and theoretical investigation on sensitivity to mechanical disturbances of the Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer PFS.

A theoretical analysis has been performed in order to highlight the expected effect of the vibration, then laboratory tests have been designed and carried out for instrument characterization.

The theoretical investigation has been confirmed by experimental tests.

The data were distorted by errors that reflect the influence of vibrations on the instrument and temperature instability of the reference source.

The considerations are a perfect example presenting the scale of vibrations problem and the instability of the reference source in assessing accuracy of the measurement in space.

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Authors and Affiliations

R. Pietrzak
M. Rataj
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Abstract

The chemical composition of alloys plays an important role at their crystallization and influences the solid phase formation, and thus, microstructure and properties. The present paper studies the release of the heat of crystallization of alloyed wear-resistant cast irons in order to determine the quantitative patterns of the chemical composition influence to the kinetics of crystallization. The differential thermal analysis was applied to get the data of heat release, its rate at cast iron temperature decrease. The normalized dependence of the amount of crystallization heat over time was obtained. The main temperature parameters were analyzed and four stages at irons crystallization were established and characterized with their duration and released heat. The multiple correlation analysis allowed considering a numerous physical and chemical factors and distinguishing their role at crystallization of irons. As a result, the quantitative regularities are determined of influencing the content of alloying elements, impurities and carbides on a heat and time of crystallization at the different stages of solidification, which are of great importance in developing alloyed irons with required quality and properties.
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Authors and Affiliations

Y. Aftandiliants
1
ORCID: ORCID
S. Gnyloskurenko
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
H. Meniailo
3
ORCID: ORCID
V. Khrychikov
3
ORCID: ORCID
V. Lomakin
4
ORCID: ORCID

  1. National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
  2. Physical and Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
  3. Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Ukraine
  4. Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Ukraine
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Abstract

The optimal decision regarding the place of production is an essential, sometimes determining factor of its effectiveness. The main drawback in substantiating the optimal location of production is the lack of a system approach to accounting in the analysis of potential sales markets. Orientation, when justifying the optimal location of production, only to some particular sales market (and orientation to specific sales markets is necessary both in terms of taking into account the costs of moving the benefit from the place of production to the places of consumption, and in terms of production capacity, since it depends unit cost of production) is erroneous because it does not take into account many other competitive options. The article develops a system approach to rationale optimal locations and production capacity, based on a comparison of combinations of locally optimal places, the total production capacity of which is equal to the total (system) demand. The variant of combinations of locally optimal places with minimal total costs is systemically optimal. The result of solving the problem will be information about 4 parameters of the production of benefit: “where?” (in what places), “how much?” (in each of these places), “how?” (with what technology in each of these places), “for whom?” (sales markets for each of these places). The system approach proposed in the article to rationale the optimal location of the production of a single benefit can be adapted to a more complex situation, when the optimal location of the production of several benefits is justified at the same time. Further research is promising in the direction of a clearer determination of the boundaries of the space of possible location of production, as well as in the direction of studying the possibility of aggregating potential sales markets.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Stadnicki
1
Andrii Terebukh
2

  1. Faculty of Management and Computer Modelling, Kielce University of Technology, Poland
  2. Department of Tourism, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ukraine
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Abstract

The studied silicon bronze (CuSi3Zn3Mn1) is characterised by good strength and corrosion resistance due to the alloying elements that are present in it (Si, Zn, Mn, Fe). This study analysed the casting process in green sand moulding, gravity die casting, and centrifugal casting with a horizontal axis of rotation. The influences of Ni and Zr alloying additives as well as the casting technology that was used were evaluated on the alloy’s microstructure and mechanical properties. The results of the conducted research are presented in the form of the influence of the technology (GS, GZ, GM) and the content of the introduced alloy additives on the mechanical parameters (UTS, A10, and Proof Stress, BHN).
The analysis of the tests that were carried out made it possible to determine which of the studied casting technologies had the best mechanical properties. Microstructure of metal poured into metal mould was finer than that which was cast into moulding compound. Mechanical properties of castings made in moulding compound were lower than those that were cast into metal moulds. Increased nickel content affected the BHN parameter.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

D. Witasiak
1
A. Garbacz-Klempka
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Papaj
P. Papaj
M. Piękoś
1
ORCID: ORCID
J. Kozana
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Maj
1
M. Perek-Nowak
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Poland

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