In order to achieve accurate identification and segmentation of ore under complex working conditions, machine vision and neural network technology are used to carry out intelligent detection research on ore, an improved Mask RCNN instance segmentation algorithm is proposed. Aiming at the problem of misidentification of stacked ores caused by the loss of deep feature details during the feature extraction process of ore images, an improved Multipath Feature Pyramid Network (MFPN) was proposed. The network firstly adds a single bottom-up feature fusion path, and then adds with the top-down feature fusion path of the original algorithm, which can enrich the deep feature details and strengthen the fusion of the network to the feature layer, and improve the accuracy of the network to the ore recognition. The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper has a recognition accuracy of 96.5% for ore under complex working conditions, and the recall rate and recall rate function values reach 97.4% and 97.0% respectively, and the AP75 value is 6.84% higher than the original algorithm. The detection results of the ore in the actual scene show that the mask size segmented by the network is close to the actual size of the ore, indicating that the improved network model proposed in this paper has achieved a good performance in the detection of ore under different illumination, pose and background. Therefore, the method proposed in this paper has a good application prospect for stacked ore identification under complex working conditions.

Based on a review of scholarly literature and statements of IAEA and Ukrainian institutions, we try to attempt to analyze the current problems in nuclear energy of Ukraine during the war based on the example of the seized Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, which demonstrates the impact of this situation over global nuclear safety. Our study also outlines some solutions to this ongoing crisis and highlights that there is an urgent need for a new strategic vision at the global level with regard to nuclear safety and environmental protection. The “trial and error” approach is not the desired practice of ensuring nuclear safety in the world and therefore the world must today apply the lessons learned during the war in Ukraine to better protect people and the environment. The current situation in the world is complex and requires reasonable considerations, taking into account social, economic, environmental and geopolitical aspects. The introduction of minimum International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) safety standards that are illegally enforceable, the revision of the provisions of the IAEA statute and its amendment by providing the organization with the function of maintaining the harmonization of nuclear requirements, the need to improve the existing IAEA standards in terms of taking measures during the construction of nuclear power plants to protect them from missile attacks, as well as during the operation of NPPs are all analyzed as necessary steps required to solve the issues of improving nuclear safety in Ukraine, Europe, and the world. The cooperation of Ukraine with such states as the USA, Japan, South Korea, France, and the United Kingdom, and the creation of the coalition could help to put pressure on United Nations and IAEA at the international level to withdraw all troops and ammunition supplies from Zaporizhzhia NPP.

The article tackles the question of the decline and revival of statehoods in Europe, in a broad historical context. This analysis is based on the history of political systems, philosophy and politics of memory across Europe, rather than on the politological concept of ‘failed states’. The phenomenon of consecutive diminishment and rebirth of states remains a constant feature of European politics and history, beginning with the collapse of the Roman Empire, through to the Partition of Poland in the eighteenth century (as an exemplary event), to the Soviet Union, and the civil war in former Yugoslavia. Kąkolewski points out the parallel phenomena of integrative and disintegrative processes taking place after many decades and having a potential of shaking state structures that initially seemed to be solidly integrated – as, for example, in Scotland or Catalonia. The European Union is the most recent example of this pattern: founded upon voluntary limitation of its Member States’ sovereignties, its has encountered disintegrative nationalist movements occurring in many parts of Europe.