Exegesis of Matthew 16:13-20, made in the light of historical and doctrinal terms occurred after 70 years in Judea, in which the evangelist Matthew was presented with its Judeo-Christian Church, indicates clearly existing in the text emphasis and related them to universalist objectives . They primarily guided him to define the saving message of Jesus the Risen of being Christological and Ecclesiological, in the final version edited by himself, in the Gospel of the Kingdom at the turning point for the fate of the Palestinian Church. The scene from Caesarea Philippi is edited in a manner which allows Peter to run his church in the Hellenistic world in order to gain complete doctrinal confidence that the same power of binding and resolving in heaven and on earth which he received from Jesus Simon Barjon to exercise it in the land of Israel, is also possessed by Simon Peter to celebrate it with the same saving efficiency in the lands of the heathen. Without this doctrinal certainty, it would probably be impossible to guarantee its further Judeo-Christian existence in the world of ethnochristians and gentiles.

The prevalent conceptual approach used to assess multiple citizenship legislation is based on analysing a set of selected elements of the relevant legal framework. This paper argues that the evolution of legal rules on dual citizenship cannot be comprehensively analysed using methods created for comparative analyses and based on a narrow selection of legal rules that reflect either a restrictive or an open ap-proach to dual citizenship. The simplified approach that focuses on the analysis of selected fragments of explicit legislation generates results that may be misleading. Therefore, the terms of reference for comparative study of multiple citizenship should be elaborated and extended. A comprehensive compar-ative method also has to take into account the migration context as well as relevant aspects of the legal and political context. This article explores these issues through an analysis of Polish legal rules in the field of dual citizenship.

The paper deals with the variability of mechanical properties of EPSTAL steel rods produced in Polish steelworks, i.e. yield stress Re, tensile strength Rm, and elongation Agt. Our study is based on fundamental engineering static room-temperature tensile tests for large series specimens which have been made by manufacturers as the part of a factory quality control. Statistical analysis of these results shows that the stressstrain relationship of steel tensile tests should be described by a one-dimensional stochastic process, and three the most important mechanical parameters, i.e. the yield stress, tensile strength, and elongation by random variables. Based on the statistical elaboration of experimental data, it was found that the yield stress and tensile strength of steel rods produced in the years 2016-2017 had the coefficients of variation of less than 3%, and there is a reasonable basis for the manufacturer to increase the characteristic value of EPSTAL steel rods yield stress by a few percentages.

This study aims to identify the impact of transformational leadership in improving the performance of employees and its impact on raising the efficiency of organizations by considering that transformational leadership is one of the successful leadership methods to achieve the effectiveness and efficiency of organizations and improve their performance. In this paper, a systematic literature review of existing international papers is used. the meta-analysis method was used to analyze the articles published in scientific journals with high evaluation indexed in Scopus. Through the analysis process, application (WordStat 8) was used to investigate articles and summarize the descriptive statistics, correlation, and cloud keywords. The results reveal the effectiveness of transformational leadership on job performance. whenever managerial leaderships possess the attributes and characteristics of a transformational leader, including positive influence, inspirational motivation, and individual consideration, the more their subordinates will have creative skills and abilities. Also, the results indicate that the leader who possesses the characteristics of a transformational leader contributes significantly to the development of the capabilities of his subordinates, which is positively reflected in the upgrading of the organization's efficiency. In this paper, we present identifiable patterns in the relationship between transformational leadership, improving employee performance, and the raising efficiency of organizations. Then we suggest emerging core topics that deserve more academic attention. This paper's added value is that it undertakes a thorough and complete assessment of the relationship between transformational leadership, boosting employee performance, and increasing organizational efficiency. It also includes a written review of the work as well as an updated reference index covering the years 2011 to 2020, making it valuable for academics and professionals alike.

Alongside the purely scientific nature and the first wintering in Antarctica, another innovative feature of the Belgica expedition was its multinational composition. Two, out of its seven persons strong scientific staff, were Polish - H. Arctowski and A. B. Dobrowolski. The first served as scientific deputy-leader of the expedition, the other as laboratory assistant and meteorologist. Their contribution to the scientific success of the Belgian Antarctic Expedition outlined in the present paper, turned into the starting point of brilliant academic careers in the native country and at international level. Both, Arctowski and Dobrowolski, were acknowledged as symbols of the Polish explorations and scientific investigations in polar regions.