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Comparison of effect of parenteral and oral supplementation of Selenium and vitamin E on selected antioxidant parameters and udder health of dairy cows

M. Vasiľ F. Zigo Z. Farkašová E. Pecka-Kielb J. Bujok J. Illek
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 1 | 155-164 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.140852
Keywords dairy cows calving colostrum glutathione peroxidase milk malondialdehyde mastitis
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of parenteral and oral supplementation of Selenium (Se) and vitamin E (VTE) on selected antioxidant parameters in blood and colostrum as well as their effect on the incidence of mastitis in dairy cows during the final phase of gravidity (6 weeks) and first two weeks after calving. For the practical part of the study 36 dairy cows of Slovak pied breed in the second to fourth lactation-gestation cycle were selected. The animals weredivided into three groups: the control (C) and two experimental groups (D1 and D2). The selected groups were treated as follows: in group D1 products containing Se (Selevit inj.) and vitamin E (Erevit sol. inj.) were administered intramuscularly twice, six and three weeks prior to parturition; in group D2 a vitamin-minerals supplement in the form of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and dl-α-tocopherol acetate were supplemented orally for six weeks calving. The blood samples were collected from the vena jugularis in dairy cows approximately 42 days before calving (control sampling), on parturition day, and the 14th day after calving. Higher concentrations of Se and VTE were found in the blood plasma samples of both experimental groups collected on the day of parturition. In addition, the orally supplemented group (D2) showed higher Se and α-tocopherol concentrations in blood plasma on the14th day after calving as well a reduction of occurrence of mastitis by about 25 % compared to the control group. The relationship between inflammatory response and oxidative stress was also confirmed. The concentrations of milk malondialdehyde indicating lipid peroxidation during mastitis were significantly higher in milk samples from infected cows than in milk samples from healthy animals in each monitored group. In order to prevent oxidative stress and moderate inflammatory response in dairy cows it is very important to optimally balance their nutritive needs with an appropriate ratio of Se and VTE supplements. Therefore we still recommend supplementation of the cows’ postpartum dietwith 0.5 mg of Se/kg dry matter (DM) and 102 mg of dl-α-tocopherol acetate/kg DM to stabilize their optimal blood levels, stimulate the activity of glutathione peroxidase and reduce the incidence of mastitis.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Vasiľ
1
F. Zigo
1
Z. Farkašová
1
E. Pecka-Kielb
2
J. Bujok
2
J. Illek
3
  1. Department of Nutrition and Animal Husbandry, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenského 73, Košice, 04001, Slovakia
  2. Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
  3. Large Animal Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic

Conservation works in Tanais archaeological site in years 2016–2019

Wojciech Terlikowski Ewa Sobczyńska Martyna Gregoriou-Szczepaniak Kacper Wasilewski
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 2 | 155-164 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.145259
Keywords conservation ancient structures stone structures earth-based mortar
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Abstract

The article presents and describes the methodology of the conservation of stone structures that are architectural monuments discovered as part of the work carried out during archaeological excavations in Tanais. The authors’ experiences presented in the article result from many years of cooperation between the Faculty of Civil Engineering at Warsaw University of Technology and the Antiquity of Southeastern Europe Research Centre at the University ofWarsaw. Examples of preserved masonry structures come from an excavation in Tanais near Rostov-on-Don. Works on stone structures located in the area of archaeological excavation are characterised by a unique specificity covering both formal issues, resulting from international standards and agreements regulating the conservation of historic buildings, as well as technical and environmental issues. The primary technical issues include ensuring the safety of further excavation works, protection of masonry structures against the destructive effects of atmospheric conditions and preparing the structure for possible exhibition in archaeological parks organized on the site of excavations. The article presents the procedures that should be used to conserve this type of structure and the specific sustainable technological and material solutions used in the shown objects.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wojciech Terlikowski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ewa Sobczyńska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Martyna Gregoriou-Szczepaniak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Kacper Wasilewski
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Amii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland

Numerical modelling of gabion retaining wall under loading and unloading

Michał Grodecki
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2021 | vol. 67 | No 2 | 155-164 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2021.137160
Keywords gabion retaining wall Finite Element Method (FEM) homogenization numerical modelling
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Abstract

Main goal of this paper is to present results of the numerical simulations of a real-scale gabion retaining wall tests. 4.5 m high wall was loaded and unloaded with water pressure, displacements of the crest of the wall were measured. Finite Element Method was used to simulate experiment and obtained results are compared with experimental ones. Usage of homogenized Coulomb-Mohr type continuum for gabions is proposed. Strength parameters of the model (cohesion and friction angle) are estimated on the base of large scale triaxial tests of the gabions and static tensile tests of the mesh. Influence of the “cut-off” condition on obtained results is analyzed. Elastic model for gabions is used for comparison of the results. Interface elements and truss joints between the gabions are used to simulate joints between gabions with limited strength. Good correlation between displacements obtained in experiment and numerical simulations was observed, especially in loading phase, so presented methodology of numerical modelling allows to model gabion retaining walls behavior close to the reality and could be used in engineering practice.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Grodecki
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. PhD., Eng., Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, ul. Warszawska 24, 34-155 Cracow, Poland

Determination of ecotoxic elements in flue gases from coal combustion

Faustyna Wierońska-Wiśniewska Dorota Makowska Andrzej Strugała
Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi Polskiej Akademii Nauk | 2019 | Nr 108 | 155-164 | DOI: 10.24425/znigsme.2019.128674
Keywords ecotoxic elements coal determination of the elements in the flue gas
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Abstract

The determination of the content of ecotoxic elements directly in flue gas is important for determining its actual emission from coal combustion. Moreover, in the BAT for large combustion plants conclusions adopted in 2017, apart from tightening of pollutants emission standards, i.e. SO 2, NO x and dusts, and setting emission limits, among others, for mercury, the monitoring of the actual emission of toxic elements has been established with the use of specific analytical methods. The review and comparison of available methods of analyzing the content of elements in flue gases in accordance with American and European standards has been presented in the article. Moreover, the factors influencing the quality of the obtained measurement results were identified.

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Authors and Affiliations

Faustyna Wierońska-Wiśniewska
Dorota Makowska
Andrzej Strugała

Regenerative agriculture – the concept of sustainable food production and agroecosystems improvement. Regenerative agriculture for agroecosystems

Magdalena Frąc Mariusz Matyka Jan Rozbicki Piotr Tryjanowski
Nauka | 2022 | No 4 | 155-164 | DOI: 10.24425/nauka.2022.142927
Keywords agroecology agroforestry biodiversity regenerative agriculture sustainable agriculture soil health
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Abstract

The concept of regenerative agriculture increased as a response to the progressive degradation of soils intensively used in agriculture and the need to restore their biodiversity and fertility. A characteristic feature of this concept is not only to reduce the negative impact of agriculture on the environment, but also to improve its quality. The most characteristic elements of the concept of regenerative agriculture include: restoring soil health, including increasing the capacity to sequester carbon to mitigate climate change and reversing biodiversity loss. The EASAC report on regenerative agriculture relates mainly to the European Green Deal, and is a critical analysis of the scientific evidence base on the practices of regenerative agriculture to meet the main targets of the Farm to Fork and Biodiversity Strategy, carbon storage and food production. The publication of the report on regenerative agriculture by EASAC became an inspiration for organizing a seminar entitled “Regenerative Agriculture” on May 25, 2022. The seminar was organized as cooperation of three scientific committees of the Polish Academy of Sciences: the Committee of Agronomic Sciences, the Committee of Animal Sciences and Aquaculture and the Committee of Veterinary Sciences and Reproductive Biology, being an excellent forum for discussing such an important issue.
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Authors and Affiliations

Magdalena Frąc
1 2
Mariusz Matyka
1 3
Jan Rozbicki
1 4
Piotr Tryjanowski
5
  1. Komitet Nauk Agronomicznych PAN
  2. Instytut Agrofizyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Lublinie
  3. Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Puławach
  4. Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
  5. Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu

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