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Abstract

The national power industry is based primarily on its own energy mineral resources such as hard and brown coal. Approximately 80% of electrical energy production from these minerals gives us complete energy independence and the cost of its production from coal is the lowest in comparison to other sources. Poland has, for many decades had vast resources of these minerals, the experience of their extraction and processing, the scientific-design facilities and technical factories manufacturing machines and equipment for own needs, as well as for export. Nowadays coal is and should be an important source of electrical energy and heat for the next 25–50 years, because it is one of the most reliable and price acceptable energy sources. This policy may be disturbed over the coming decades due to the depletion of active resources of hard and brown coal. The conditions for new mines development as well as for all coal mining sector development in Poland are very complicated in terms of legislation, environment, economy and image. The authors propose a set of strategic changes in the formal conditions for acquiring mining licenses. The article gives a signal to institutions responsible for national security that without proposed changes implementation in the legal and formal process it, will probably not be possible to build next brown coal, hard coal, zinc and lead ore or other minerals new mines.

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Authors and Affiliations

Zbigniew Kasztelewicz
Antoni Tajduś
ORCID: ORCID
Marek Cała
ORCID: ORCID
Miranda Ptak
Mateusz Sikora
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Abstract

In the paper finite-dimensional semilinear dynamical control systems described by fractional-order state equations with the Hilfer fractional derivative are discussed. The formula for a solution of the considered systems is presented and derived using the Laplace transform. Bounded nonlinear function �� depending on a state and controls is used. New sufficient conditions for controllability without constraints are formulated and proved using Rothe’s fixed point theorem and the generalized Darbo fixed point theorem. Moreover, the stability property is used to formulate constrained controllability criteria. An illustrative example is presented to give the reader an idea of the theoretical results obtained. A transient process in an electrical circuit described by a system of Hilfer type fractional differential equations is proposed as a possible application of the study.
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Authors and Affiliations

Beata Sikora
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Applied Mathematics, Silesian University of Technology, Kaszubska 23, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Abstract

The key role for maritime supervision envisaged in the new integrated maritime policy of the European Union is safety at sea and maritime border control of the continent.

The member states’ authorities responsible for maritime supervision work across several policies, including fisheries control, pollution response, maritime safety and security, border control et al. Effectiveness of those actions often suffers form differences between their respective legal systems and administrative command structures. Today, the most intensive efforts go into setting up legal and technical frameworks of cooperation between authorities. The Author argues that integrated maritime policy underscores the significance of the maritime sector in the economic panorama of the EU.

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Authors and Affiliations

Justyna Nawrot

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