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Number of results: 7
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Abstract

The research system of soils for evaluation of the ecological state of farm-land soils in Poland is presented in this paper. Granulometrie composition, pH, organic matter content and the content of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) in soils were determined. On the basis of existing criteria (tab. 1) the state of soil pollution with heavy metals for separate provinces and whole country was estimated. The average heavy metal contents (mg/kg) in surface layer of soils in Poland are as follows: Cd-0.21, Cu-6.5, Ni-6.2, Pb-13.6, and Zn-32.4. The farm-land soils of Poland generally contain natural and slightly elevated level of the investigated heavy metals. This allows to produce high quality of agricultural materials appropriate for consumption and feeding of animals.
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Authors and Affiliations

Henryk Terelak
Arkadiusz Tujaka
Teresa Motowicka-Terelak
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Abstract

This paper takes a 50 kW interior permanent magnet brushless DC motor as an example, and explores the influence of the degree of stator slot skew on the overall motor magnetic density and air gap magnetic density; then reveals the influences of stator slot skewed structure on a series of key electromagnetic properties like no-load back electromotive force (B-EMF), cogging torque, electromagnetic torque, torque fluctuation, electromagnetic loss, input power, output power and operating efficiency. On this basis, a relatively best range of the skew degrees is obtained. The research work in this paper has direct reference value for the further improvement of design and manufacture, operation and maintenance, control and protection of such motors.
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Bibliography

[1] Zhang Chen, Principle and Application of Brushless DC Motor, China Machinery Industry Press, Beijing (1996).
[2] Tang Renyuan, Modern Permanent Magnet Motor Theory and Design, Mechanical Industry Press, Beijing (2005).
[3] LiWeiqi, LinRongwen, Tao Tao, Optimized design based on the air gap length of the built-in permanent magnet brushless DC motor, Electric Switchgear, vol. 58, no. 05, pp. 58–63 (2020).
[4] Parsa L., Hao L., Interior Permanent Magnet Motors with Reduced Torque Pulsation, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 602–609 (2008), DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2007.911953.
[5] Ren Dejiang, Huang Qu, Li Jianjun, Wu Ning, Cogging torque optimization analysis of built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor, Explosion-Proof Electric Machine, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 4–7+43 (2019).
[6] Zhao W., Lipo T.A., Kwon B., Torque Pulsation Minimization in Spoke-type Interior Permanent Magnet Motors with Skewing and Sinusoidal Permanent Magnet Configurations, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 51, no. 11, pp. 1–4 (2015), DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2015.2442977.
[7] AimengW., Heming L.,Weifu L., Haisen Z., Influence of skewed and segmented magnet rotor on IPM machine performance and ripple torque for electric traction, IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference, pp. 305–310 (2009), DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2009.5075222.
[8] Adrian Młot, Marcin Kowol, Janusz Kołodziej, Andrzej Lechowicz, Piotr Skrobotowicz, Analysis of IPM motor parameters in an 80-kW traction motor, Archives of Electrical Engineering, vol. 69, no. 2 (2020), DOI: 10.24425/aee.2020.133038.
[9] Yang Zhihao, Yang Mengxue, Wang Sinuo, Bao Xiaohua, The influence of stator skew on the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motors, Transactions of the Chinese Society of Electrical Engineering, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 97–102 (2019).
[10] Wang Dongliang, Chen Wei, Discussion on the electromagnetic design of concentrated winding permanent magnet motor from the perspective of torque fluctuation, Electric Tool, vol. 4, pp. 15–17 (2017), DOI: 10.16629/j.cnki.1674-2796.2017.04.004.
[11] Xiaodong S., Zhou S., Long C., Zebin Y., Skew Angle Optimization Analysis of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for EVs, IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices (ASEMD), pp. 1–2 (2018), DOI: 10.1109/ASEMD.2018.8558826.
[12] Wang Changcheng, Guo Hui, Sun Pei, Liu Ningning,Wang Yansong, Qin Yifei, A method for reducing cogging torque of permanent magnet synchronous motors, Light Industry Machinery, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 62–66 (2018).
[13] He Qiang, Magnetic field analysis and cogging torque study of brushless DC permanent magnet motors, Hefei University of Technology (2016).
[14] Hongwei Fang, Hongxu Chen, Analysis and reduction of the cogging torque of flux-modulated generator for wave energy conversion, Energy Procedia, vol. 158, pp. 327–332 (2019), DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.097.
[15] Fu Lixin et al., GB/T 1029-2005 Three-phase synchronous motor test method, China Standard Press, Beijing (2006).
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Authors and Affiliations

Xue-gui Gan
1
ORCID: ORCID
Zhen-nan Fan
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jing-can Li
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. The Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery, Ministry of Education, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
  2. State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Abstract

In order to solve the problem of harmonic waves caused by battery energy storage (BES) and distributed generation (DG) inverters in an active distribution network, an intelligent optimal dispatching method based on a modified flower pollination algorithm (MFPA) is proposed. Firstly, the active distribution network dispatching model considering the power quality (PQ) problem caused by BES and DG is proposed. In this model, the objective function considers the additional network loss caused by a harmonic wave, as well as the constraints of the harmonic wave and voltage unbalance. Then, the MFPA is an improvement of a flower pollination algorithm (FPA). Because the MFPA has the characteristics of higher solution accuracy and better convergence than the FPA and it is not easy to fall into local optimal, the MFPA is used to solve the proposed model. Finally, simulation experiments are carried out on IEEE 37 bus and IEEE 123 bus systems, respectively. The experimental results show that this method can achieve satisfactory power quality while optimizing the total active power loss of the branch. The comparative experimental results show that the developed algorithm has better convergence than the FPA.

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Authors and Affiliations

Haiqing Liu
Jinmeng Qu
Shanshan Yang
Yuancheng Li
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Abstract

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the influence of granite dust on the properties and durability of concrete. The use of industrial waste – granite dust, in the processing of granite into crushed stone, at the same time allows the rational use of natural resources and solve environmental problems. The possibility of improving the construction and technical properties of concrete filled with granite dust is considered. Experimental-statistical models of technological and physical-mechanical properties of concretes are presented and analyzed, ways of their improvement are shown. The complex of strength properties, water absorption, frost resistance, and durability of such concrete have been studied. The studied concrete are characterized by a more intensive set of strength and obtaining mixtures of “sticky” consistency. Due to the partial replacement of sand by granite dust, the microstructure of the cement matrix is compacted, which is the main reason for reducing porosity and increasing the durability of structures based on the proposed concrete.
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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Prokopski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Andriy Huts
1
ORCID: ORCID
Vitaliy Marchuk
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Rzeszów University of Technology, The Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Poznanska 2, 35-084 Rzeszów, Poland
  2. National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Building and Architecture, Chornovola 49, 33-000 Rivne, Ukraine
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Abstract

The current model of hunting economy, focused mainly on killing innumerable number of game species and finding joy and benefit in it, does not totally fulfil criteria of sustainable, ethical and rational management. This work provides an overview of evidences that the moral evil of hunting, together with the whole hunting culture, are not rationally justifiable. I am going to validate there is no reasonable argument for maintaining hunting economy and culture in the on-going, archaic condition. I maintain that therefore an immediate system reform of our hunting economy is necessary. There is a broad list of objection to the different aspects of hunting practices, which are presented and discussed in short in the paper. A reformed hunting institution, endowed with veterinary service, should guard some animals’ interests by different strategies of assuaging some conflicts among people and animals, as catching alive, flushing, separating or biosafety and professional reprocessing of infected corpses. The main recommendation for the ossified hunting tradition is the appeal for listening to the opinion of experts in natural sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marcin Urbaniak
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Bibliography


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Authors and Affiliations

Gabriela Matuszek-Stec
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków

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