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Abstract

Twenty apparently healthy buffaloes were withdrawn of feed and water for 48 hours. Buffaloes were administered with fluids and were subjected to endoscopy every 12 hours. Olympus™ [GIF V70] flexible video endoscope was passed through the ventral nasal meatus, the pharynx, oesophagus and then into the reticulo-rumen in physically restrained buffaloes. The entire reticulum and part of the rumen could be visualized, when the animals were off feed and water for at least 48 hours and evacuations of rumen contents were done even after 48 hours of starvation to visualize the rumen in six buffaloes. The reticulum appeared light brown to pink coloured with honeycomb shape and the rumen appeared smooth, shiny pink, with numerous papillae throughout its surface. The procedure was well tolerated by all the buffaloes and satisfactory reticular and ruminal images could be obtained including biopsy.
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Bibliography

Bacha WJ, Bacha LMJr (2000) Color atlas of veterinary histology. 2nd ed., Lippincott Williams and Walkins, West Camden street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pp 134-135.
Bancroft JD, Gamble M (2008) Theory and practice of histological techniques. 6th ed., Churchill Livingstone, London, pp 75-82.
Constable PD, Hinchcliff KW, Done AH, Grunberg W (2017) Veterinary Medicine. A textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. 11th ed., W.B. Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia, pp 453-454.
Franz S, Gentile A, Baumgartner W (2006) Comparison of two ruminoscopy techniques in calves. Vet J 172: 308-314.
McRae KM, Schultz M, Mackintosh CG, Shackell GH, Martinez MF, Knowler KJ, Williams M, Ho C, Elmes SN, McEwan JC (2016) Ovine rumen papillae biopsy via oral endoscopy - a rapid and repeatable method for serial sampling. N Z Vet J 64: 174-178.
Sasikala K, Vijayakumar G, Balasubramaniam GA (2017) Endoscopic evaluation of reticulum in cattle – a preliminary study. Indian Vet J 94: 79-80.
Sasikala K, Vijayakumar G, Sivaraman S, Balasubramaniam GA (2019) Endoscopic evaluation of rumen in cattle (Bos taurus) – a preliminary study. Indian J Anim Res 53: 1386-1388.
Van Niekerk JK, Middeldorp M, Steele MA (2018) Technical note: the development of a methodology for ruminal and colon tissue biopsying of young Holstein dairy calves. J Dairy Sci 101: 7212-7218.
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Authors and Affiliations

K. Sasikala
1
G. Vijayakumar
2
S. Sivaraman
3
G.A. Balasubramaniam
4

  1. Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tamil Nadu 637 002, India
  2. Veterinary University Peripheral Hospital, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tamil Nadu 637 002, India
  3. Department of Veterinary Clinics, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tamil Nadu 637 002, India
  4. Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tamil Nadu 637 002, India
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Abstract

Professor Jacek Fisiak’s outstanding achievements are well known in the scholarly community in Poland and abroad. He was an excellent and widely recognizable scholar, an exceptional teacher and talent-detector, an ingenious science manager, and he was so likeable and cordial! Professor Jacek Fisiak directed the Institute of English at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań for 40 years. Thanks to his management, English studies in Poznań obtained a leading position among such institutions in Poland and in the world. Professor Fisiak also cared about other English departments in Poland. On the one hand, he supervised 61 (!) PhD students who continued their academic careers throughout Poland, on the other, he supported English studies as well as the humanities and research in general as Minister of National Education and member of numerous influential bodies. I am grateful to Professor Fisiak for his guidance in my academic work, starting with my M.A., through the doctoral and post-doctoral degrees and the professorial title, my function as his deputy director for 3 terms, up to the ‘take-over of the command’ of the Institute and the creation of the Faculty of English. His opus survives and will last.

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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kołaczyk

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