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Eine apolitische Gemeinschaft? Polen vor dem Juni 1989

Michał Przeperski
Historie. Jahrbuch des Zentrums für Historische Forschung Berlin der Polnischen Akademie der Wissenschaften | 2021 | Folge 14 | 19-42 | DOI: 10.24425/historie.2021.140443
Keywords Polish society in the 1980’s political participation late socialism elections 1989 civil society
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Abstract

Contemporary Polish historiography tends to focus predominantly on the main actors of the political transformation of 1989 and there are communist and opposition elites considered as such. In that perspective, Polish society remains a community on which the views of the elites are projected, and the myth about the birth of ci-vil society on the ruins of communism as early as 1989 may serve as a perfect example of such process. In reality, however, the Polish society was overwhelmingly apolitical, uninterested in political par-ticipation and to a large extent socially inactive. There are many reasons which caused this situation: starting from the martial law, which in December 1981 broke the backbone of the mass social movement that was the legal ‘Solidarity’, as well as the very 45 years of communism themselves, during which a social initiative was na-tionalized, and citizens were in fact deprived of it. As a result, the interpretations of the events of 1989 should be demythologized, al-so in order to understand the popularity of the slogans about “end-ing the 1989 revolution”, which still tend to appear in the public discourse in Poland.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Przeperski

Gender equality in the energy sector: analysis and empowerment

Olena Shatilova Tetiana Sobolieva Oleksandr Vostryakov
Polityka Energetyczna - Energy Policy Journal | 2021 | vol. 24 | No 4 | 19-42
Keywords gender gap energy sector gender balance gender equality institutional conditions
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Abstract

This article is devoted to topical issues of gender equality in the energy sector. It is a retrospective analysis of the problem of gender equality over the past 50 years in various countries and sectors of the economy. The situation with the improvement of the gender balance in general is changing, but unevenly, which increases the relevance of attention to the gender factor in policy development, particularly in the energy sector. It has been established that in the energy sector, there remain so-called “glass walls” and “glass ceilings” for the development of women’s professional careers, which leads to horizontal and vertical segregation. The main barriers to gender balance in the energy sector are highlighted. The institutional conditions for ensuring gender equality in the energy sector have allowed for a more comprehensive view of the problem of gender occupational segregation. A number of institutional problems of gender equality in the energy sector are highlighted and characterized. These include: inconsistency of formal norms of gender equality and existing economic practices; lack of gender mainstreaming in energy policy making due to insufficient attention to social relations; the creation of additional tensions in industrial relations to ensure gender equality; unemployment of able-bodied women due to segregation in the labor market in the energy sector., Using a number of practical proposals for ensuring gender equality at the industrial and company levels, the authors propose a conceptual model of institutional support for gender equality in the energy sector. The implementation of these proposals would help eliminate gender imbalances in the energy sector and promote the development of energy companies on a sustainable basis.
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Authors and Affiliations

Olena Shatilova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Tetiana Sobolieva
1
ORCID: ORCID
Oleksandr Vostryakov
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Management, SHEE “Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman”, Kyiv, Ukraine

Anesthesia for gynecological cancer surgery

Paweł Krawczyk Tomasz Lonc Rafał Świstek Paweł Tyszecki Janusz Andres
Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2022 | Vol. 62 | No 3 | 19-42 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2022.142366
Keywords regional anesthesia general anesthesia gynecological oncology robotic surgery review
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Abstract

Malignant neoplasms are currently a severe medical challenge and the second leading cause of death worldwide. The modern anesthesia applied may improve the patient outcome. This paper presents a review of anesthesia management related to patients with gynaecologic malignancies. It includes the influence of the type of anesthesia on cancer recurrence, application of regional anesthesia in gynaecologic oncologic surgery, and selected aspects of anesthesia for robotic surgery. We performed a literature search on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Clinical Trials. The database search focused on the topics related to anesthesia in gynecological oncology. The authors also contributed through individual, independent literature searches.
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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Krawczyk
1
Tomasz Lonc
1
Rafał Świstek
1
Paweł Tyszecki
2
Janusz Andres
1
  1. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
  2. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine 5th Military Hospital with Polyclinic Kraków, Poland

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