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Emotional expression in a foreign language. What factors influence the choice of a non-native language while expressing emotions

Katarzyna Ożańska-Ponikwia
LINGUISTICA SILESIANA | 2012 | vol. 33 | 203-219
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Abstract

The present contribution is concerned with the expression of emotions in a foreign language. It seeks to investigate what factors among gender, educational level, exposure to a foreign language and culture, L2 use, length of stay in a foreign country, or self-perceived L2 proficiency might influence the choice of a foreign language for emotional expression. The statistical analysis of 102 Polish-English bilinguals and Polish L2 users of English responses to an online questionnaire measuring expression of emotions in a foreign language reviled that the L2 use, self-perceived L2 proficiency and frequent contact with the L2 were linked to the expression of emotions in a foreign language. The results of this study show the complexity of the relationship between language, culture and emotions, suggesting that the exposure to a foreign language and its culture might be the key factor facilitating the choice of a non-native language while talking about emotions.

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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Ożańska-Ponikwia

The Poet, the Law and the Protection of Individual Rights: An EU Reform Proposal from Literature

Peter Hilpold Julia Waibl
Polish Yearbook of International Law | 2022 | No XLII | 203-219 | DOI: 10.24425/pyil.2023.147176
Keywords fundamental rights in the EU access to court state liability Köbler jurisprudence reform of the EU Treaties
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Abstract

The European integration process is currently faced with a notable dilemma: While the need for new impetus and for far-reaching reform is widely felt, there is not only widespread resistance to any meaningful institutional reform but there is also a dearth of really innovative ideas. Europe is in danger of losing out with its citizens, who should have become its very foundation, in contrast to the early years when this integration process was mainly state driven. European institutions have tried to oppose this trend by organizing a grass-roots process for collecting ideas for reform. The results of the “Conference on the Future of Europe” were, however, not really convincing. This contribution attempts to examine the reform impulse coming from literature – in particular Ferdinand von Schirach’s “Jeder Mensch” – for its suitability to make a meaningful contribution to this discussion. It will be shown that one of his proposals – contained in Art. 6 of this booklet and proposing a right of the individual to bring fundamental rights claims directly before the Court of Justice of the European Union, deserves particular attention.
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Authors and Affiliations

Peter Hilpold
1
ORCID: ORCID
Julia Waibl
2
  1. European Law and Comparative Public Law at theUniversity of Innsbruck
  2. Regional Court of Innsbruck (Austria)

Effect of lubricant compressibility and variable viscosity on the performance of three-lobe journal bearing

Mushrek A. Mahdi Basim Ajeel Abbas
Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2022 | vol. 69 | No 2 | 203-219 | DOI: 10.24425/ame.2022.140412
Keywords hydrodynamic lubrication journal bearings compressibility effect variable viscosity
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Abstract

Different configurations of journal bearings have been extensively used in turbomachinery and power generating equipment. Three-lobe bearing is used due to its lower film temperature and stable operation. In this study, static performance of such a bearing has been investigated at different eccentricity ratios considering lubricant compressibility and variable viscosity. The effect of variable viscosity was considered by taking the viscosity as a function of the oil film thickness while Dowson model is used to consider the effect of lubricant compressibility. The effect of such parameters was considered to compute the oil film pressure, load-carrying capacity, attitude angle and oil side leakage for a bearing working at (ε from 0.6 to 0.8) and (viscosity coefficient from 0 to 1). The mathematical model as well as the computer program prepared to solve the governing equations were validated by comparing the pressure distribution obtained in the present work with that obtained by EL-Said et al. A good agreement between the results has been observed with maximum deviation of 3%. The obtained results indicate a decrease in oil film pressure and load-carrying capacity with the higher values of viscosity coefficient while the oil compressibility has a little effect on such parameters.
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Bibliography

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[2] K. Prabhakaran Nair, R. Sinhasan, and D.V. Singh. A study of elasto-hydrodynamic effects in a three-lobe journal bearing. Tribology International, 20(3):125–132, 1987. doi: 10.1016/0301-679X(87)90042-9.
[3] K.C. Goyal and R Sinhasan. Elastohydrodynamic studies of three-lobe journal bearings with non-Newtonian lubricants. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Mechanical Engineering Science, 205(6):379–388, 1991, doi: 10.1243/PIME_PROC_ 1991_205_135_02.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mushrek A. Mahdi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Basim Ajeel Abbas
2
  1. University of Babylon, College of Engineering/Al-Musayab, Automobile Engineering Department, Babylon, Iraq
  2. University of Babylon, College of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Department, Babylon, Iraq

New records of lichenized fungi for Antarctica

Mehmet Gökhan Halici Merve Kahraman Osman Osmanoğlu Milos Bartak
Polish Polar Research | 2021 | vol. 42 | No 3 | 203-219 | DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2021.137145
Keywords Antarctic biodiversity James Ross Island lichens
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Abstract

Three lichenized fungal species collected from James Ross Island (eastern coast of Antarctic Peninsula): Cladonia acuminata (Ach.) Norrl., Rhizocarpon pusillum Runemark and Rhizoplaca parilis S.D. Leav., Fern.-Mend., Lumbsch, Sohrabi et St. Clair are reported from Antarctica for the first time. Detailed morphological and anatomical properties of these species along with photographes based on Antarctic specimens are provided here. In addition, the nrITS gene regions of the selected specimens are studied and the phylogenetic positions of the species are discussed. The nrITS data for Rhizocarpon pusillum is provided for the first time. According to our studies the lichen biodiversity of the Antarctic is still poorly known and molecular studies are very important in order to present the correct lichen biodiversity of Antarctica.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mehmet Gökhan Halici
1
ORCID: ORCID
Merve Kahraman
1
Osman Osmanoğlu
1
Milos Bartak
2
  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Erciyes University, 380 39 Kayseri, Turkey
  2. Department of Experimental Biology, Section of Plant Physiology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic

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