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Abstract

In the 21st century the way to increase the efficiency of new sources of energy is directly related with extended exploration of renewable energy. This modern tendency ensures the fuel economy needs to be realized with nature protection. The increasing of new power sources efficiency (cogeneration, trigeneration systems, fuel cells, photovoltaic systems) can be performed by application of solid sorption heat pumps, regrigerators, heat and cold accumulators, heat transformers, natural gas and hydrogen storage systems and efficient heat exchangers.

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Authors and Affiliations

L. Vasiliev
O. Filatova
A. Tsitovich
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Abstract

Standard shipping documents such as bills of lading, charter parties, ship management contracts or cargo declarations are prepared to facilitate international maritime traffic. Their application improves the process of determining the content of various types of contracts, which is important in view of the increasing pace of economic turnover. The Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO) plays a leading role in the development of such documents. The shipping documents it creates, as well as individual contractual clauses, are widely used in global shipping. BIMCO's activity, including its contribution to the creation of rules, general terms and standard contracts for international trade, is fundamental, and BIMCO itself can be considered the most important international maritime non-governmental organization in this respect.

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Authors and Affiliations

Cezary Łuczywek
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

Group identity is both a fundamental issue for social psychology and one of the key explanations of intergroup hostility. In this paper, on the basis of a nationwide survey ( N = 1016), we compare the strength of Poles’ identification with nation, place of residence, occupation and gender, while presenting regional variations in these identifications in Poland. In doing so, we analyze the relationship between acceptance of minority groups and these identifications. We also test whether the three components of national identity: the strength of ties, the ingroup affect, and the cognitive centrality are indeed, as suggested in previous studies, beneficial aspects of identity that have a positive relationship with attitudes toward out-groups. The findings we obtained, among other things, allowed us to look at identification with groups as more complex than was assumed during previous research. Different contents of identification, as well as different components of national identity, are differently associated with acceptance of outgroups. Particular attention is paid to broad, umbrella identifications that have positive associations with acceptance of minorities.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dominik Puchała
1
Michał Bilewicz
1

  1. Wydział Psychologii Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
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Abstract

In the presented work Egorov’s approach (adding a source term to the ω-equation in the k-! model, which mimics the damping of turbulence close to a solid wall) was implemented in on the subclass of shear stress transport models. Hence, turbulence damping is available for all shear stress transport type models, including hybrid models that are based on the ω-equation. It is shown that turbulence damping improves the prediction of the axial velocity profile not only for Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulation but also for detached eddy simulation and delayed detached eddy simulation models. Furthermore, it leads to a more realistic estimation of the pressure drop and, hence, to a more correct prediction of the liquid level. In this paper, simulation results for four different turbulence models are presented and validated by comparison with experimental data. Furthermore, the influence of the magnitude of the damping factor on the pressure drop in the channel is investigated for a variety of different gas-to-liquid flow rate ratios. These investigations show that higher gas-to-liquid flow rate ratios require higher damping factors to correctly predict the pressure drop. In the end, advice is formulated on how an appropriate damping factor can be determined for a specific test case.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Jiri Polansky
1
Sonja Schmelter
2

  1. Czech Technical University in Prague, Jugoslávských partyzánu 1580/3, 160 00 Prague 6 – Dejvice, Czech Republic
  2. Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestraße 2-12, D-10587 Berlin-Charlottenburg, Germany
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Abstract

The present study investigates the 2D numerical analogies to the changes of the droplet shapes during the freefall for a wide range of droplet sizes through the stagnation air. The freefall velocity, shape change due to frictional force during free-fall is studied for different considered cases. With the elapse of time, a droplet with a larger initial diameter is changing its original shape more compared to droplets with a smaller diameter. In addition, the spreading of the droplet during the freefall seems more rapid for the larger-diameter droplet. When a droplet with an initial diameter of 15 mm starts to fall with gravitational force, the diameter ratio is decreasing for droplets with higher density and surface tension while droplets having lower density and surface tension show a diameter ratio greater than one. The spreading and splashing of the droplet on a solid surface and liquid storage at the time of impact are much influenced by the freefall memories of the droplet during the freefall from a certain height. These freefall memories are influenced by the fluid properties, drag force, and the freefall height. However, these freefall memories eventually regulate the deformation of the droplet during the freefall.
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Authors and Affiliations

Abid Hasan Rafi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mohammad Rejaul Haque
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dewan Hasan Ahmed
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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