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Abstract

A challenge for developing acoustic metamaterials (AMMs) is considering the application of broadband muffling and load bearing capacity simultaneously. In this paper, a honeycomb based graded AMM muffler is proposed, which can widen the attenuation band and improve the structural stiffness without any external device by means of integrated design. Firstly, the acoustic and mechanical characteristics of the muffler unit cell are theoretically and numerically studied, and the graded muffler is designed based on these characteristics. The numerical results show that the graded muffler widens the attenuation bandwidth of the unit cell, and the simulation also shows that the graded muffler has greater stiffness than the uniform one. The stiffness driven muffler provides new possibilities for the design of advanced metamaterial with simultaneous sound insulation and load bearing performances.
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Authors and Affiliations

Gen Li
1 2
Yan Chen
1 2
Huan He
1 3 4

  1. State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
  2. Institute of Vibration Engineering Research, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
  3. MIIT Key Laboratory of Multi-Functional Lightweight Materials and Structures, Nanjing 210016, China
  4. Laboratory of Aerospace Entry, Descent and Landing Technology, Beijing 100094, China
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Abstract

The phyllosphere refers to the entire aerial habitat of plants while phylloplane describes the entire leaf surface. The phylloplane provides a niche for diversified microbial communities and as such it is an important ecosystem both ecologically and economically. For many years, phylloplane dwellers have been studied as bio protectants and enhancers of growth in host plants. Plants and phylloplane-microbial-interactions result in increased fitness and productivity of agricultural crops. In this study, an attempt was made to compile previous studies in order to better understand the role of phylloplane microbiota in influencing the physiology of flora. We also proposed possible further research to explore molecular aspects of signaling mechanisms established by the phylloplane microbial community with their hosts which impact the latter’s physiology.
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Authors and Affiliations

Susmita Goswami
1
ORCID: ORCID
Navodit Goel
1
Rita Singh Majumdar
2

  1. Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
  2. Department of Biotechnology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract

The aim was to analyze the quality of commercial shampoo without prophylactic effect for dogs. The analysis was based on the evaluations and requirements established for human-line products since there is no guide for veterinary products in Mexico; such evaluations have not been carried out or published in Mexico. Physicochemical, sensory, performance, and consumer information tests of the shampoo were carried out. The sample consisted of twenty products marketed in Mexico City. During the evaluation of the label, a serious non-compliance with applicable regulations was found. The pH of the products ranged between 5.6 and 8.4; Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between the three groups with low (6.1), medium (7.2), and high (8.1) pH. Viscosity values were from 1131 to 3102. For the foam index, no statistically significant differences were found. 100% of the products analyzed complied with the rest of the quality tests carried out. The results of the quality analysis in this study will allow veterinarians specializing in small species to better select and recommend the products for their use and inform dog owners, about the safety, and value of the products.
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Authors and Affiliations

S.I. Peña-Corona
1
I. Juárez-Rodríguez
2
D. Vargas-Estrada
1
E. Amador-González
3
L. Arvizu-Tovar
2
O. Soberanis-Ramos
2

  1. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University city, without number, Coyoacán, Mexico City, 04510 Mexico
  2. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University city, without number, Coyocan, Mexico City, 04510 Mexico
  3. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University city, without number, Coyoacán, Mexico City, 04510 Mexico
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Abstract

This article analyses the disorder in functioning of will by the example of characters from a few texts of French symbolism. On the basis of experimental psychology research described in Les Maladies de la volonté of Th. Ribot, there are discussed the example of people which unfulfilled or obsessive desires point to weakening of will due to the lack or excess of impulse. So next to the characters of aboulic individuals created by T. de Wyzewa i J. de Tinan, in the texts of Villiers de L’Isle-Adam and M. Schwob we can see people pursuing at any cost the achievement of power, or the confirmation of oneself uniqueness.

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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Opiela-Mrozik
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the configuration of pathologic audiograms in patients with excessive noise exposure, and to calculate the frequency of notches in the audiogram in patients with and without excessive noise exposure by avoiding the effect of age-related hearing loss. We have analyzed 514 audiograms of 257 patients aged between 20 to 50 years: 240 patients (mean age of 38.7 years) with excessive noise exposure and 17 patients (mean age of 41.2 years) with notches in the audiogram, but without a history of excessive noise exposure. For statistical data analysis we have used the Chi-square test and Fisher exact test with the level of significance p < 0.05. Pathologic audiograms were classified into five different types: Slope at 4000 Hz (0.8%), Slope at 2000 Hz (15.1%), Notch at 4000 Hz (67.4%), Notch at 2000 Hz (0.8%), Flat (8.9%), and 7% were out of this classification. A total of 190 (79.2%) patients with excessive noise exposure had a notch in the audiogram. Left ear notches were the most common. Among the patients with notched audiograms, 91.8% had a history of excessive noise exposure, either occupational or nonoccupational, and 8.2% did not report any excessive noise exposure.
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Authors and Affiliations

Lidija Ristovska
Zora Jachova
Nikica Atanasova
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Abstract

Celebrating patron saints as an element of the Sicilian character: the foreign travelers point of view – This article will look at descriptions of some patronal festivals in Sicily drawn from the works of the most important foreign travelers and will try to show how such celebrations represent a fundamental aspect of Sicilianity.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ewelina Walendziak-Genco

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