We consider the downlink of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based cell that accommodates calls from different service-classes with different resource requirements. We assume that calls arrive in the cell according to a quasi-random process, i.e., calls are generated by a finite number of sources. To calculate the most important performance metrics in this OFDM-based cell, i.e., congestion probabilities and resource utilization, we model it as a multirate loss model, show that the steady-state probabilities have a product form solution (PFS) and propose recursive formulas which reduce the complexity of the calculations. In addition, we study the bandwidth reservation (BR) policy which can be used in order to reserve subcarriers in favor of calls with high subcarrier requirements. The existence of the BR policy destroys the PFS of the steady-state probabilities. However, it is shown that there are recursive formulas for the determination of the various performance measures. The accuracy of the proposed formulas is verified via simulation and found to be satisfactory.

There is a global trend towards electing adjudication as a method of dispute resolution due to its efficiency and a measure of uniformity. The most complex cases, however, require a specialized international court, or, at least, cooperation between international judiciary bodies. The MOX Plant Case (Ireland v United Kingdom, an arbitration case pursuant to Article 287, and Article 1 of Annex VII, of the United Nations Convention on the Law o f the Sea, and Case C-459/03 Commission v Ireland) is an example of cooperation between International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and the Court o f Justice of the European Union. The author discusses procedural issues, with particular attention paid to the conflict of jurisdiction.