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Hybrid blend membrane using PVA–g–PMA for direct methanol fuel cell applications

Pratima Gajbhiye A.K. Tiwari Karan Mann J.S. Kahlon H. Upadhyay

Chemical and Process Engineering | 2022 | vol. 43 | No 2 (The International Chemical Engineering Conference 2021 (ICHEEC): 100 Glorious Years of Chemical Engineering and Technology, held from September 16–19, 2021 at Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India. Guest editor: Dr Raj Kumar Arya, Dr Anurag Kumar Tiwari) | 251-254 | DOI: 10.24425/cpe.2022.140828

Keywords polyvinyl alcohol maleic anhydride direct methanol fuel cell ion exchange capacity proton-conducting membrane

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Abstract

In the present study, a novel PVA–g–PMA hybrid membrane was developed for application in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Maleic anhydride (MA) was grafted on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) both ionically and chemically using potassium persulfate (KPS), for the first time. ThePVA–g–PMA thus synthesized was then blended with 3–Amino–4–[3–(triethylammonium sulfonato)phenyl amino]phenylene hydrochloride. The prepared membranes were characterized by FT–IR, TGA. 0.0104 S/cm of proton conductivity was found for the membrane. The ion exchange capacity was found to be 2.175 meq/g and the water uptake capacity as 14.9%. The single-chamber fuel cell power density was higher (34.72 mW/cm2) and current density (62.11 mA/cm2) when compared to Nafion 117 membrane.

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Authors and Affiliations

Pratima Gajbhiye

1

A.K. Tiwari

2

Karan Mann

1

J.S. Kahlon

1

H. Upadhyay

3

School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab-144 411, India
Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT Jalandhar, Punjab-144011, India
School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab-144 411, India

Design of water supply networks for water transfer to the urban area Case study: Balikpapan city

Dinh T.N. Huy Ngakan K.A. Dwijendra Andrey Poltarykhin Wanich Suksatan Nooraldeen S. Nahi Trias Mahmudiono Nguyen T. Hai Mustafa M. Kadhim Krishanveer Singh Alim A.A. Ahmed

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2022 | No 54 | 251-254 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2022.142298

Keywords network design water distribution water shortage water supply network water transmission

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Abstract

The growing population and the development of industries in all countries of the world have created a very important and complex issue for water supply to cities. Today, many parts of the world are facing the problem of water shortage and this problem cannot be easily solved. In addition to the proper use of water resources and preventing the loss of natural water, the establishment of regional water supply networks is effective in meeting the future needs of the people. A water distribution network (water supply network) is a set of interconnected pipelines used to transport and distribute water in a complex. In designing the water distribution network, factors such as the type of water distribution network, water pressure, water velocity, design flow, minimum pipe diameter, pipe material and many other factors should be considered. In this study, we have tried to design the water supply network of a part of Balikpapan city in Indonesia. The design method led to the determination of pressure values in the connection nodes, pipe diameters, flow rate and velocity in the pipes. All the existing criteria are considered in the design of the water supply network. Although this study has been implemented for a specific study area, it can be of great help to designers in designing the water supply network.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dinh T.N. Huy

1 2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Ngakan K.A. Dwijendra

3

e-mail:

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Andrey Poltarykhin

4

Wanich Suksatan

5

e-mail:

ORCID:

Nooraldeen S. Nahi

6

e-mail:

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Trias Mahmudiono

7

e-mail:

ORCID:

Nguyen T. Hai

8

e-mail:

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Mustafa M. Kadhim

9

e-mail:

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Krishanveer Singh

10

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Alim A.A. Ahmed

11

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International University of Japan, School of Finance and Banking, Minamiuonuma, Japan
Banking University of HCMC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Udayana University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Architecture, Kampus Bukit, Jl. Raya Kampus Unud Jimbaran, Kec. Kuta Sel., Kabupaten Badung, Bali, 80361, Indonesia
Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
Chulabhorn Royal Academy, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Faculty of Nursing, Bangkok, Thailand
Al-Ayen University, College of Health and Medical Technology, Department of Optics, Dhi-Qar, Iraq
Airlangga University, Faculty of Health, Surabaya, Indonesia
Thuongmai University, Faculty of Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam
Al-Farahidi University, Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Baghdad, Iraq
GLA University, Department of Business Management, Mathura, India
Jiujiang University, School of Accounting, Jiujiang, China

Effect of Cooling Rate on Mechanical Properties of new Multicomponent Fe-Based Amorphous Alloy During Annealing Process

P. Rezaei-Shahreza H. Redaei P. Moosavi S. Hasani A. Seifoddini B. Jeż M. Nabiałek

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2022 | vol. 67 | No 1 | 251-254 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2022.137498

Keywords Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) Nanocomposite Mechanical testing Fracture toughness

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Abstract

Fe-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have been extensively investigated due to their ultrahigh strength and elastic moduli as well as desire magnetic properties. However, these BMGs have few applications in industrial productions because of their brittleness at room temperature. This study is focused on the effect of cooling rate on the mechanical properties (especially toughness) in the Fe41Co7Cr15Mo14Y2C15B6 BMG. For this aim, two samples with the mentioned composition were fabricated in a water-cooled copper mold with a diameter of 2 mm, and in a graphite mold with a diameter of 3 mm. The formation of crystalline phases of Fe23(B, C)6, α-Fe and Mo3Co3C based on XRD patterns was observed after the partial crystallization process. To determine the toughness of the as-cast and annealed samples, the indentation technique was used. These results revealed that the maximum hardness and toughness were depicted in the sample casted in the water-cooled copper mold and annealed up to 928°C. The reason of it can be attributed to the formation of crystalline clusters in the amorphous matrix of the samples casted in the graphite mold, so that this decrease in the cooling rate causes to changing the chemical composition of the amorphous matrix.

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Authors and Affiliations

P. Rezaei-Shahreza

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

H. Redaei

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

P. Moosavi

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

S. Hasani

1

A. Seifoddini

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

B. Jeż

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

M. Nabiałek

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Yazd University, Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 89195-741, Yazd, Iran
Częstochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Department of Physics, 19 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland