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Spatio-temporal risk assessment models for Lobesia botrana in uncolonized winegrowing areas

Guillermo Eugenio Heit Walter Fabián Sione Pablo Gilberto Aceñolaza
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2019 | vol. 59 | No 2 | 265–272 | DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2019.129291
Keywords distribution invasion risk Lobesia modeling viticulture
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Abstract

The objective of this work was to generate a series of equations to describe the voltinism of Lobesia botrana in the quarantine area of the main winemaking area of Argentina, Mendoza. To do this we considered an average climate scenario and extrapolated these equations to other winegrowing areas at risk of being invaded. A grid of 4 km2 was used to generate statistics on L. botrana captures and the mean temperature accumulation for the pixel. Four sets of logistic regression were constructed using the percentage of accumulated trap catches/grid/week and the degree-day accumulation above 7°C, from 1st July. By means of a habitat model, an extrapolation of the phenological model generated to other Argentine winemaking areas was evaluated. According to our results, it can be expected that 50% of male adult emergence for the first flight occurs at 248.79 ± 4 degree-days (DD), in the second flight at 860.18 ± 4.1 DD, while in the third and the fourth flights, 1671.34 ± 5.8 DD and 2335.64 ± 4.3 DD, respectively. Subsequent climatic comparison determined that climatic conditions of uncolonized areas of Cuyo Region have a similar suitability index to the quarantine area used to adjust the phenological model. The upper valley of Río Negro and Neuquén are environmentally similar. Valleys of the northwestern region of Argentina showed lower average suitability index and greater variability among SI estimated by the algorithm considered. The combination of two models for the estimation of adult emergence time and potential distribution, can provide greater certainties in decision-making and risk assessment of invasive species.

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Authors and Affiliations

Guillermo Eugenio Heit
Walter Fabián Sione
Pablo Gilberto Aceñolaza

Magnetized irrigation water: a method for improving the efficacy of pre-emergence-applied metribuzin

Akbar Aliverdi
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2021 | vol. 61 | No 3 | 265-272 | DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2021.137948
Keywords germination herbicide water use efficiency
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Abstract

The yield of many crops can be increased by irrigating them with magnetically treated water (MTW). The aim of our research was to determine if the efficacy of a soil-applied herbicide such as metribuzin against weeds could be affected by MTW. A split-plot randomized complete block experiment was designed with two main plots, including potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) irrigated with equal volumes of MTW and non-MTW. Sub-plots were weedy control, weed-free control (hand-weeded), and pre-emergence application of metribuzin at 420 and 525 g a.i. · ha–1. Generally, MTW induced the seed germination and vegetative growth of Amaranthus blitoides S.Watson and Convolvulus arvensis L., resulting in a reduction of the total tuber yield of potato from 1.47 to 1.18 kg · m–2. MTW improved the efficacy of weed control strategies, resulting in an improvement of the total tuber yield and the water use efficiency of potato. The total tuber yield when metribuzin was applied at 420 g a.i. · ha–1 with MTW (3.51 kg · m–2) was more than when metribuzin was applied at 525 g a.i. · ha–1 with non-MTW (2.76 kg · m–2). It can be concluded that the use of MTW can be a safer crop production method by reducing the required dosage of metribuzin to control weeds. Considering the fact that the use of MTW without herbicide application increased the density of weed species, this method should be limited to a scenario where weeds can be effectively controlled.
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Authors and Affiliations

Akbar Aliverdi
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

An Oligocene record of the coral Flabellum from Antarctica

Andrzej Gaździcki Jarosław Stolarski
Polish Polar Research | 1992 | vol. 13 | No 3-4 | 265-272
Keywords Antarctica King George Island Oligocene paleontology Coelenterata (Scleractinia)
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Abstract

Solitary corals of the genus Flabellum are described from the Lower Oligocene glaciomarine strata of the Polonez Cove Formation of King George Island, West Antarctica. This is the oldest record of the genus from Antarctica.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Gaździcki
Jarosław Stolarski

A method of suppressing chaos in a chemical reactor and the use of chaos for identifying the reactor model

Marek Berezowski
Chemical and Process Engineering | 2019 | vol. 40 | No 3 | 265–272 | DOI: 10.24425/cpe.2019.126119
Keywords chemical reactor recycle chaos control fractals identification
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Abstract

A method of suppressing chaotic oscillations in a tubular reactor with mass recycle is discussed. The method involves intervention in the temperature of the input flow by the recirculation flow and the temperature set from the exterior. The most advantageous solution was proved to be heat coupling elimination and maintenance of the reactor input temperature on the set level. Moreover, the reactor modelwas identified on the basis of a chaotic solution, as it provides the biggest entropy of information.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Berezowski

Lipogranulomas and pigment granulomas in livers of dogs with portosystemic shunt

M. Sobczak-Filipiak T. Męcik-Kronenberg M. Czopowicz M. Galanty P. Trębacz J. Frymus I. Badurek J. Szarek
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2018 | vol. 21 | No 2 | 265-272 | DOI: 10.24425/119047
Keywords lipogranuloma pigment granuloma liver portosystemic shunt dog
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Abstract

Lipogranulomas are lesions found in histopathological liver examination in humans and in various animal species, including dogs, especially those with portosystemic shunts. They consist of macrophages and other inflammatory cells, and sometimes they contain iron salts (pigment granuloma). This study aimed at determining the number of granulomas and cellular composition of lipogranulomas in dogs with the congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt, and to identify factors associated with their development. 44 archival liver samples from dogs with portosystemic shunt were stained using HE, Perl’s method and – in randomly-selected cases – immunohistochemically against CD56, CD20 and CD3 (DAKO). A reduction in the size of the liver was observed in all dogs during laparotomy, and the diameter of the vessel circumventing the liver was also measured (in 24 dogs). Lipogranulomas were found in 52.3% of samples; iron salts were present in 47.8% of them; 72% of cells in lipogranulomas were macrophages. In lipogranulomas both types of lymphocytes – T and B – were seen. The presence of lipogranulomas in liver samples in dogs was connected with fatty degeneration of hepatocytes and was correlated with the age of animals and with the diameter of the abnormal vessel circumventing the liver. Their formation appears to be triggered by severe ischemia and shortage of nutrient supply.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Sobczak-Filipiak
T. Męcik-Kronenberg
M. Czopowicz
M. Galanty
P. Trębacz
J. Frymus
I. Badurek
J. Szarek

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