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Abstract

A current problem in candidiasis treatment is increasing resistance to azoles, which are often prescribed to patients. The study underlines the high resistance of yeasts to fluconazole, which achieved high MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) values both alone and in combination with essential oils (EOs). Antifungal activity of Hyssopus officinalis, Thymus vulgaris, Salvia officinalis and Rosmarinus officinalis EOs was determined against 13 clinical isolates of Candida albicans and reference strain Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The synergistic effect was investigated for the combination of itraconazole and fluconazole with Hyssopus officinalis and Thymus vulgaris EOs. Based on the fractional inhibitory concentration index, the synergistic effect was achieved in all of the samples exposed to itraconazole with Hyssopus officinalis (FICI 0.3±0.06). On the other side, the additive effect was proven in use of itraconazole with Thymus vulgaris (FICI 0.75±0.35) and fluconazole with both EOs tested (FICI 0.81±0.19; 0.88±0.57) This study shows the importance of monitoring the synergistic effect of antifungals combined with EOs, because it is a possible solution for reducing the resistance and improving the disease prognosis.
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Bibliography


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Authors and Affiliations

M. Proškovcová
1
E. Čonková
1
P. Váczi
1
D. Marcinčáková
1
M. Harčárová
2

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
  2. Department of Animal Nutrition and Husbandry, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
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Abstract

The predictive current controller of the DC/AC converter is presented in the article. The new expected converter current vector’s

locations can be evaluated due to the possibility of predicting the current vector’s change directions. An original method for the converter control was developed basing on the current vector changes analysis presented in this paper. This method enables to minimize the current vector error area and decrease the mean switching frequency. One of the advantages of the proposed control method is the possibility of the realization of the controller in the look-up table controller form. The results of laboratory tests proved the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

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Authors and Affiliations

A. Ruszczyk

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