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Abstract

This paper proposes a microfounded model featuring frictional labor markets that generates procyclical R&D expenditures as a result of optimizing behavior by heterogeneous monopolistically competitive firms. This allows to show that business cycle fluctuations affect the aggregate endogenous growth rate of the economy. Consequently, transitory shocks leave lasting level effects. This mechanism is responsible for economically significant hysteresis effects that significantly increase the welfare cost of business cycles relative to the exogenous growth model. I show that this has serious policy implications and creates ample space for policy intervention. I find that several static and countercyclical subsidy schemes are welfare improving. Importantly, I find that due to labor market frictions subsidizing incumbent firms generates large and positive welfare effects.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marcin Bielecki
1

  1. University of Warsaw, Poland, Narodowy Bank Polski
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Abstract

W strap is a crucial surface support component for underground coal mine roadways. In this study, the failure characteristics of the W strap in the field are discussed, and the loading characteristics of the strap and the faceplate are numerically and experimentally analysed. Afterwards, a loading apparatus capable of reappearing the loading environment of the strap in the field is fabricated. This loading device, combined support systems consisting of a bolt, faceplate and strap is tested under different simulated strata conditions. Failure patterns of the strap are evaluated by the 3D scanning method, and proper selection of a faceplate is explored. Results indicate that a domed faceplate can achieve a favourable supporting effect on strata, and thus it is favoured compared with a square domed faceplate. In addition, rock cavity and rock integrity beneath the strap are essential factors determining the servicing life of the overall supporting system.
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Authors and Affiliations

Xiaowei Feng
1
ORCID: ORCID
Fei Xue
2
ORCID: ORCID
Xiaotian Feng
3
ORCID: ORCID
Tongyang Zhao
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. China University of Mining and Technology, China
  2. Shaoxing University, Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics and Geohazards of Zhejiang Province, China
  3. Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Politecnico di Milano, China
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Abstract

Several psychological factors are strongly related to aggressive behaviours in university students, such as educational issues and problematic digital activity, namely Smartphone and social media addiction. At the same time, little is known about the role of student burnout syndrome in predicting these mental and social problems. Moreover, although most researchers agree with the notion of sex differences in aggression, excessive digital activity , and burnout syndrome, only a few studies have examined the role of cultural differences. Thus, the present study sought to examine whether digital technology addictions mediate the relationship between student burnout and aggressive behaviours in European and Japanese university students. For this purpose, a cross-sectional, non-experimental and online study was developed with 291 participants (202 females, M = 22.66; SD = 4.35). The findings highlighted how academic burnout and phone snubbing increase, and problematic Facebook usedecrease the risk of aggressive behaviours. In addition, phone snubbing (known as phubbing) mediates the association between student burnout and aggression. Men tend to have more aggressive behaviours than women, and Japanese students were less addicted to FB and less aggressive as well as scoring higher in phubbing than European students. In conclusion, the results confirmed the importance of including cross-cultural differences in digital technology health programs in order to minimise the risk of aggressive behaviours.
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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Tomaszek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Agnieszka Muchacka-Cymerman
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
  2. Pedagogical University of Cracow, Cracow, Poland
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Abstract

AIMS: The primary goal of the presented research was to investigate the memory effects of implicit negation, conveyed using implicatures, as compared to explicit negation. We also speculated that implicit negation might require more cognitive effort.

METHODS: Three experiments were conducted (total N = 181), in which participants were presented with a description containing implicit or explicit negation, followed by a memory recognition test of items present, negated or not mentioned in the description. We manipulated the pace at which the description was presented (own pace vs. fixed) and whether participants were informed about the upcoming recognition test.

RESULTS: We found no differences between explicit and implicit negation in the number of false alarms to negated and not mentioned items, response times or time spent reading the source material. Bayesian analyses indicated a 90% probability that there were no differences in the number of false alarms between explicit and implicit negation.

CONCLUSIONS: Implicit and explicit negation lead to a similar quality of recognition, and seem to require a similar amount of time to process, indicating comparable cognitive effort.

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Authors and Affiliations

Józef Maciuszek
Mateusz Polak
Martyna Sekulak
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Abstract

Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) is a serious and widespread virus pathogen of maize plants. This +ssRNA virus belongs to the Potyvirus genus in the Potyviridae family. Together with sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) it causes one of the most important viral diseases on maize crops in the world – maize dwarf mosaic. Both viruses are transmitted in the same non-persistent manner by several aphid species. They induce similar symptoms of leaf mosaic or mottling, stunting and a reduction in plant weight and grain yield. Available MDMV diagnostics include primarily commercialized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR). Here, laborsaving reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was optimized for identification of genetically different MDMV isolates. For this purpose, primer sets, MDMVF3/MDMVB3 and MDMVFIP/MDMVBIP amplifying fragments of coat protein coding sequence of MDMV, were used. The specificity of the reaction was verified using three MDMV (-P1, -Sp, -PV0802-DSMZ) and three SCMV (-P1, -PV0368- -DSMZ, -PV1207-DSMZ) isolates. Obtained products were visualised by DNA staining, electrophoretic separation as well as by real-time monitoring of the reaction. The sensitivity of RT-LAMP and conventional RT-PCR reactions was comparable. Both methods could detect virus as low as 550 fg · μl–1 of total RNA. This technique has application value for screening MDMV by phytosanitary services.
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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Trzmiel
1
ORCID: ORCID
Beata Hasiów-Jaroszewska
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Virology and Bacteriology, Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute, Poznan, Poland
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Abstract

The efficiency of a formulated salicylic acid (Zacha 11, 500 mg · l–1) and a Bacillus bioproduct (JN2-007, 1 × 107 cfu · ml–1) in controlling cassava root rot disease and enhancing growth was evaluated. The results revealed that cassava stalk soaking and foliage spraying with Zacha 11 formulation or Bacillus subtilis bioproduct could increase cassava growth at 60 days after planting under greenhouse conditions. Zacha 11 gave the tallest stem height (11.67 cm), the longest root length (18.91 cm) and the greatest number of roots (49.50). Fusarium root rot severity indices of all treated treatments were reduced, and were significantly lower than that of the water control. Plants treated with Zacha 11 and JN2-007 had disease severity reduction of 53.33 and 48.33%, respectively. Furthermore, all treatments increased the endogenous salicylic acid (SA) content in cassava plants at 24 inoculation with significant differences when compared to the untreated samples. The efficacy of Zacha 11 and JN2-007 was evaluated at two field locations, using two different cassava varieties, cv. Rayong 72 and CMR-89. The results showed that all elicitors could suppress root rot disease as well as bacterial leaf blight. Furthermore, the elicitors helped cassava plants cv. Rayong 72 and CMR-89 to increase tuber weight, yield and starch contents, compared to the water control. Thus, it is possible that these formulations could be effective in controlling diseases and increasing cassava productivity.
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Bibliography


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Authors and Affiliations

Chanon Saengchan
1
ORCID: ORCID
Piyaporn Phansak
2
Toan Le Thanh
3
Narendra Kumar Papathoti
1 4
Natthiya Buensanteai
1

  1. School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
  2. Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom, Thailand
  3. Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
  4. Research and Development Division, Sri Yuva Biotech Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Abstract

Frequency regulation is in a first line of preference for an interconnected power system. Presence of nonlinearities in the generation systems further raises the complexity level of the problem. In this scenario, this article presents a robust Automatic Generation Control (AGC) mechanism to maintain the frequency and tie-line power of the power system to their nominal values. A Coefficient Diagram Method (CDM) based AGC mechanism including an AC/DC tie-line and Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) has been developed and the performance in handling the frequency regulation has been analyzed. The nonlinearities such as Governor Dead-Band (GDB) and Generation Rate Constraint (GRC) are included in the system to analyze the proposed AGC scheme in a more realistic approach. The AC/DC tie-line and UPFC which are included in the proposed AGC scheme provides an immense strength to handle the active power variation as-well-as frequency regulation. To develop a more effective AGC scheme, the parameters of an AC/DC tie-line and UPFC are optimized by successful implementation of the Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm (FOA). The justification of the proposed AGC scheme has been carried out through a step by step verification such as justifying the CDM based controller, effectiveness of the proposed scheme and robustness of the system against parameters variation. The CDM based controller has been compared with the conventional controllers to elevate the effectiveness and the supremacy of the proposed AGC scheme has been examined by comparing with previously published work. The design and simulation of the work has been carried out by the MATLAB/Simulink® tool box.

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Authors and Affiliations

A.K. Sahani
Ravi Shankaro
Murali Sariki
Rajib Kumar Mandal
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Abstract

Using Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett techniques molecular films of chlorinated perylene derivatives, namely tetra-n-butyl-1,6,7,12-tetrachloroperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylate (PCn for n = 1, 5, 9) have been studied. The Langmuir films of pure compounds and mixed with liquid crystalline 4-octyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) were characterized by surface pressure-mean molecular area isotherms. An additive rule reveals miscibility of all the dyes with 8CB but shows different types of intermolecular interaction forces. The pure and mixed Langmuir films were transferred onto quartz plates and characterized spectroscopically. Absorption and fluorescence spectra were recorded for the samples in form of diluted chloroform solution, the dye with 8CB mixtures in monomolecular Langmuir-Blodgett films and in liquid crystal cells. Different tendency to aggregation of the dye with short and long alkyl chains was observed. It is shown that the dye molecule stacking and aggregation of the chlorinated perylene dyes depend on the dye concentration and are related to the torsion of the perylene core.

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Authors and Affiliations

A. Modlińska
E. Chrzumnicka
T. Martyński
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Abstract

In the current study, wear performance of pure magnesium (Mg) and composite fabricated with titanium carbide (TiC) reinforcement is investigated under various loading and sliding velocity conditions. The Mg-matrix composite is prepared by friction stir processing (FSP) carried out at optimized values of process parameters. Sliding wear tests on Mg and friction stir processed (FSPed) Mg+TiC surface composite were done on pin-on-disc configuration. The consequence of the normal load applied and sliding velocity on wear behaviour of the two materials is evaluated by performing the tests at two normal loads of 6 N and 12 N and three sliding speeds of 0.5 m/s, 1.5 m/s and 4.5 m/s. FSPed composite found to exhibit an enhanced wear resistance as compared to that of pure Mg. To get an insight into the possible types of mechanisms for wear of the composites sample under varying load and sliding speeds conditions, the worn test specimens are subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM/EDS analysis revealed that oxidation, ploughing, trailing edge and 3-body abrasive wear were the predominant mechanisms for the wear of samples at a different set of experimental conditions. The tensile strength of the FSPed surface composite was found to be 25% higher than pure Mg. Wear resistance was found to increase by about 33%.
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Authors and Affiliations

Balraj Singh
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jagdev Singh
2
ORCID: ORCID
Ravinder Singh Joshi
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Department of Research, Innovation and Consultancy, Punjab, India
  2. Mechanical Engineering Department, Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Punjab, India
  3. Mechanical Engineering Department, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Punjab, India
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Abstract

Donkeys are a public health concern in the Northeast region of Brazil, with thousands of stray animals. Orchiectomy is an important population control measure; however, the long postoperative period with daily treatment of open wounds in the scrotum makes it difficult to perform a large number of castrations in sheltering centers. We evaluate a novel surgical procedure for orchiectomy in donkeys using parascrotal access. Twelve donkeys were used, divided into two groups: I - submitted to orchiectomy through parascrotal surgical access (novel procedure), and II - submitted to orchiectomy through scrotal access (conventional). Postoperative evaluations consisted of a macroscopic evaluation of the surgical wound (bleeding and intensity of edema), hematological parameters, and peritoneal fluid, which occurred in both groups at the moments (M): M0 - before the surgical procedure. The others moments occurred after surgery: M12 (twelve hours); M24 (twenty-four hours); M48 (forty-eight hours); M72 (seventy-two hours); M8D (eight days); and M16D (sixteen days). The surgical techniques did not generate an important systemic inflammatory response to the point detected by the leukogram, fibrinogen dosage, and peritoneal fluid. The parascrotal technique required long surgery but promoted less bleeding, less edema, and faster healing. The techniques used did not promote sufficient systemic inflammation to alter the number of leukocytes and the fibrinogen concentration; however, evaluation of the peritoneal fluid proved to be important for evaluating inflammatory processes involving the scrotum and inguinal canal. We describe a novel surgical procedure for orchiectomy in Donkeys using a parascrotal access that promoted less risk of bleeding, shorter period of edema, and healing time, but required longer surgery time.
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Authors and Affiliations

R.A. Barrêto JR
1
L.A. Rodrigues
2
J.P. Albuquerque
1
F.J.A. de Sousa
1
P.R. Firmino
1
R.S. Sousa
3
V.J. Pedrosa
1
T.R. do Amaral
1
A.H.H. Minervino
4

  1. Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of the Semiarid Region, UFERSA. Av. Francisco Mota, s/nº - Bairro Pres. Costa e Silva, CEP 59625-900, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
  2. Adílio Santos de Azevedo Veterinary Hospital, Federal Institute of Paraíba, Sousa, PB, Brazil
  3. Institute of Humid Tropic Studies – Federal University of the South and Southeast of Pará, UNIFESSPA, Xinguara-PA, Brazil
  4. Laboratory of Animal Health, LARSANA, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA. Rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé, CEP 68040-255, Santarém, PA, Brazil
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Abstract

Duration of construction projects can be reduced by harmonizing construction processes: adjusting productivity rates of specialized crews and enabling the crews to work in parallel as in a production line. This is achievable in the case of projects whose scope can be divided into units where a similar type of work needs to be conducted in the same sequence. A number of repetitive project scheduling methods have been developed to assist the planner in minimizing the execution time and smoothing resource profiles. However, the workflow, especially in construction, is subject to disturbance, and the actual process durations are likely to vary from the as-scheduled ones. The inherent variability of process durations results not only in delays of a particular process in a particular unit but also in the propagation of disruptions throughout the initially well-harmonized schedule. To counteract the negative effects of process duration variability, a number of proactive scheduling methods have been developed. They consist in some form of predicting the conditions to occur in the course of the project and implementing a strategy to mitigate disturbance propagation. This paper puts forward a method of scheduling repetitive heterogeneous processes. The method aims to reduce idle time of crews. It is based on allocating time buffers in the form of breaks between processes conducted within units. The merits of the method are illustrated by an example and assessed in the course of a simulation experiment.
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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Jaśkowski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sławomir Biruk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Michał Krzemiński
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Lublin University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nadbystrzycka str.40, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
  2. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Armii Ludowej str. 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

The coexistence of two congeneric amphipods, boreal Gammarus oceanicus, and arctic G. setosus, was studied during the summer seasons of 2017-2019 in the region of Isfjorden, Forlandsundet, and Prins Karl Forland island in the west-central part of the Svalbard archipelago (Arctic). Across the study area species distribution often overlapped, but the domination patterns mirrored environmental conditions preferred by each species. Both species, however, were able to survive in suboptimal conditions. On a small spatial scale (in one sample) the species were separated, which may suggest an antagonistic relationship between them. The ongoing changes in the environment of Svalbard will likely affect these two species differently. The increasing intrusion of Atlantic waters will probably favor the further expansion of G. oceanicus along the Svalbard coasts. This will be due to the gradual advance of the existing population, as an influx of individuals from the Nordic seas seems unlikely. G. setosus will remain the dominant species in cold-water areas such as the inner fjords and the northeastern coast of Svalbard and may find new suitable habitats in lagoons or estuaries fed by melting glaciers. Despite predicted changes in the distribution range of both species, their future coexistence should still be possible due to the wide range of environmental tolerance and the heterogeneity of the Svalbard coastal habitats.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Marcin Węsławski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Joanna Legeżyńska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Lech Kotwicki
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mikołaj Mazurkiewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sergej Olenin
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, Sopot 81-712, Poland
  2. Marine Research Institute, Klaipėda University, Universiteto al. 17, 92294, Klaipėda, Lithuania
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Abstract

Penguin bones from the La Meseta Formation (Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula) are the only record of Eocene Antarctic Sphenisciformes. Being an abundant component of the youngest unit of the formation (Telm7), they are not so common in earlier strata. Here, I present the oldest penguin remains from the La Meseta Formation (Telm1-Telm2), often bearing close resemblance to their counterparts from younger units. Addressing the recent findings in fossil penguin systematics, I suggest there is too weak a basis for erecting new Eocene Antarctic taxa based on non-tarsometatarsal elements of penguin skeletons, and considering Oligocene species part of the studied assemblage. Finally, I conclude if the common ancestor of extant Sphenisciformes lived in the Eocene Antarctic (as suggested recently), penguins referred to Delphinornis seem to be prime candidates to that position.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Jadwiszczak
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Abstract

Three tectonic units occur in folded stratified volcanic sequence on Barton Peninsula. Fossil flora (Del Valle et al. 1984) occurs in the basal part of the upper unit which age is not younger than Paleocene. The rocks of the middle and lower units are older, possibly Mesozoie.

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Authors and Affiliations

Antoni K. Tokarski
Władysław Danowski
Ewa Zastawniak
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Abstract

The article presents a critical approach to „Filozofia” Jaspersa [ Jaspers’ „Philosophy”] by Mirosław Żelazny (WN UMK, Toruń 2019). It discusses the main theses presented in the dissertation and invites to reflection on the existential philosophy of Karl Jaspers. The paper exposes the most important themes of Jaspersian thinking — the dialectical method of philosophizing, understanding the worldview, the phenomenon of existential communication and the concept of borderline situations.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Błaszczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Humanistyczny, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń, Polska
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Abstract

The article discusses the problem with modifications of plans of water areas and the forms of their borders which have been inscribed into the history of all city structures related to water. It can be observed that the modifications made in recent decades very often concern the transformations of former industrial sites. Many such structural changes are taking place within signifi cant areas which have fragmented central parts of cities and created voids in the urban fabric. They are being applied to many former shipyards and ports. Research shows that the formation of new connections between land and water in these transformation processes is essential. More frequently, those conversions that are currently being realized change the constructions of wharves and lead to the development of plans drawing new borders between land and water. In these cases water is introduced into land areas and new land surfaces are being created over existing bodies of water. These operations can be considered extremely valuable in achieving the intended eff ects of transformations of post-industrial areas. They are perceived as an excellent possibility to strengthen the relationship between the city structure and water. At the same time they create an opportunity to achieve a high quality of architectural and landscape solutions and the quality of spaces in both social and economic terms.

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Izabela M. Burda
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Abstract

This article presents some cultural, historical and linguistic insights on the names of the Szczutowskie and Urszulewskie Lakes, both situated in the historical Dobrzyńskie Lakeland, today on the border between the Mazovian and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeships (the historical border between Polish and Prussian-Teutonic states). The author also takes into account the description of the local place and terrain names, showing a common relation with the natural landscape, in which the two lakes are immersed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Artur Gałkowski
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Abstract

Wyniki badań laboratoryjnych formacji sylurskich pozwalają na uzyskanie szczegółowych informacji na temat złożoności przestrzeni porowej, występowania mikroszczelin, a także obecności pirytu w skale. Trzy próbki mułowców sylurskich pochodzące z różnych głębokości, z jednego otworu zlokalizowanego w synklinorium lubelskim, zostały przebadane pod kątem wyznaczenia właściwości sprężystych, czyli prędkości fal podłużnych P i poprzecznych S, dynamicznych modułów: sprężystości podłużnej (Younga), odkształcenia postaci, odkształcenia objętości, współczynnika Poissona oraz zbiornikowych, z wykorzystaniem spektrometrii magnetycznego rezonansu jądrowego (porowatość całkowita i efektywna, zawartość wody wolnej, kapilarnej i nieredukowalnej). W ramach dodatkowych analiz przeprowadzono badania laboratoryjne przepuszczalności absolutnej w skali nano-Darcy, a także granulometrii. Rentgenowska tomografia komputerowa dała możliwość interpretacji jakościowej wykształcenia przestrzeni porowej oraz mikroszczelin, a także formy występowania pirytu w skale. Interpretacja ilościowa obrazów tomograficznych dostarczyła parametrów geometrycznych porów, pirytów i mikroszczelin, tj. wielkości porów i kryształów pirytów, mikroszczelin itp. Komplementarna analiza petrofizyczna skał łupkowych, wykonana przy wykorzystaniu różnorodnych metod badawczych, stała się kluczem do zrozumienia budowy wewnętrznej tego typu skał, które wykazują silną heterogeniczność parametrów fizycznych i chemicznych szkieletu ziarnowego i przestrzeni porowej.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paulina Krakowska
Edyta Puskarczyk
Mariusz Jędrychowski
Magdalena Habrat
Paweł Madejski
Jadwiga Jarzyna
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Abstract

Over the past few years, a great deal of research has been conducted concerning the mathematical skills of children after the first stage of education. In my report, I present a selection of results from this research in order to illustrate the most typical didactical effects of the style in which mathematical education is performed in our schools. Comparing some detailed results from research in a number of chosen fields, I also try to assess whether or not, and how, the level of schoolchildren’s skills has changed in the recent years.

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Authors and Affiliations

Mirosław Dąbrowski
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Abstract

In the paper, a noise map service designated for the user interested in environmental noise is presented. Noise prediction algorithm and source model, developed for creating acoustic maps, are working in the cloud computing environment. In the study, issues related to the noise modelling of sound propagation in urban spaces are discussed with a particular focus on traffic noise. Examples of results obtained through a web application created for that purpose are shown. In addition, these are compared to results obtained from the commercial software simulations based on two road noise prediction models. Moreover, the computing performance of the developed application is investigated and analyzed. In the paper, a flowchart simulating the operation of the noise web-based service is presented showing that the created application is easy to use even for people with little experience in computer technology.
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Authors and Affiliations

Karolina Marciniuk
Bożena Kostek
Maciej Szczodrak
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Abstract

Professor Jerzy Sadowski – outstanding Polish scientist, a specialist in acoustics – construction, industrial, architectural and environmental – passed away on 28th July 2014. Professor Jerzy Sadowski was born on 18th December 1924 in Augustów, in northeastern Poland. In 1946 he commenced studies at the Gdańsk University of Technology – initially at the Faculty of Architecture, to switch later to the Faculty of Electrical Engineering. The life of Jerzy Sadowski as a student was as complicated as the post-war history of Poland. Due to his involvement in an activity of illegal student organization, he was expelled from the university in 1949, with a ban on any further tertiary education. The ban had been lifted after a certain time which allowed him to recommence further studies, this time at the Warsaw University of Technology the Faculty of Communications, where in 1952 he obtained the diploma and title of Master of Science and Engineer. He received a lot of help from Professor Ignacy Malecki, the nestor of Polish acoustics. This certainly contributed to kindling the young engineer’s interest in acoustics, as a field of both knowledge and very important practical applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

Barbara Szudrowicz

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