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Abstract

Tomato is an economically important vegetable crop which is attacked heavily by insect pests leading to reduction of yield and quality of the fruits. Field experiments were carried out to investigate the dissipation of methomyl (a common insecticide) used mainly on tomato fruits. LC-MS/MS coupled with the QuEChERS method were used for the determination of methomyl. The results showed that the recovery using matrix-matched standards ranged from 87.8 to 101.3%, with relative standard deviation of 2.5 to 7.5%. Kinetics equation, Log R = log R0 – 0.434 Kt, was used to calculate the rate of degradation in tomato, soil and water. Residue half-life calculated using kinetic rate ranged from 1.95 to 1.63 days in tomato and soil, respectively. From the results it was concluded that tomato fruits can be safely harvested for consumption after 15 days of application based on estimated preharvest interval (PHI). It is advisable to re-estimate the PHI regularly owing to data from the EU and Codex.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dalia El-Hefny
Ibrahim Abdallah
Rania Helmy
Hend Mahmoud
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Abstract

This paper describes a novel Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter using Chebyshev approximation and Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) modeling technique. The developed 3rd order filter structure uses an inductive iris and an inductive post station in a way it resonates in Ka frequency band serving wireless applications. The paper presents in details steps of the filter design formed by specific analytical equations to extract its different synthesizable parameters including coupling matrix, quality factor and initial geometric dimensions. The ideal frequency response of the filter is determined from an equivalent circuit that uses localized elements developed by AWR Microwave Software. High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) is then employed to model the proposed filter structure and optimize its initial parameters until meeting the target specifications initially fixed in order to provide a high frequency response for the proposed filter design. Finally, the obtained results display a good performance for the proposed filter design and demonstrate a high usefulness for the employed technology that allows a low design volume.
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Bibliography

[1] M. Bozzi, A. Georgiadis, and K.Wu, “Review of Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Circuits and Antennas,” IET Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 5, N 8,pp. 909-920, June 2011.
[2] W. Hong et al., "Structure Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW): A New Guided Wave Structure for Microwave and Millimeter Wave Application,” Proc. Joint 31 st International Conference on Infrared Millimeter Waves and 14 th Intenational Conference on Terahertz Electronics, p.219, Shanghai, Chaina, Sept. 18-22, 2006.
[3] A. Coves, G. Torregrosa-Penalva, A. A. San-Blas, M. A. Sanchez-Soriano, A. Martellosio, E. Bronchalo, and M. Bozzi, “A Novel Band-Pass Filter Based on a Periodically Drilled SIW Structure,” Radio Science, vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 328–336, Apr. 2016.
[4] L. Silvestri, E. Massoni, C. Tomassoni, A. Coves, M. Bozzi, and L. Perregrini, “Modeling and Implementation of Perforated SIW Filters”, 2016 IEEE MTT-S International Conference on Numerical Electromagnetic and Multiphysics Modeling and Optimization (NEMO), pp. 209-210, Beijing, China, Jul. 2016.
[5] D. Dealandes, and K. Wu, Single-substrate integration techniques for planarcircuitsand waveguide filters, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 51(2), 2003, 593–596.
[6] S. Moscato, R. Moro, M. Pasian, M. Bozzi, and L. Perregrini, “Two-material ridge substrate integrated waveguide for ultra-wideband applications,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 63, no. 10, pp. 3175–3182, Oct. 2015.
[7] Y.-H.Chun, J.-S.Hong, P. Bao, T. J. Jackson, andM. J. Lancaster, Tunable slotted ground structured bandstop filter with BST varactors, IET Microwaves Antennas Propagation 3(5), 2009, 870–876.
[8] J.-S. Hong, Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications, New York, NY, USA: Wiley, 2011.
[9] Bouhmidi Rachid, Bouras Bouhafs, Chetioui Mohammed “ Multi-Ports Extraction Technique for Microwave Bandpass Filter Optimization”International Journal of Microwave and Optical Technology (IJMOT) Vol 14, N°06, Nouvember 2019, pp 431-439.
[10] X.-P. Chen and K. Wu, “Substrate integrated waveguide filter: Basic design rules and fundamental structure features,” IEEE Microw. Mag., vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 108–116, Jul./Aug. 2014.
[11] Damou Mehdi, Nouri Keltouma, Chetioui Mohammed, Boudkhil Abdelhakim and Feham Mohamed “A New Technique of Optimization of HMSIW Bandpass Filter with CAR Cells Using Coupling Matrix”, IJMOT Intenational Journal Microwave Optical Technology, Vol.14, No.2, pp. 66-73, March 2019.
[12] F. Parment, A. Ghiotto, T. P. Vuong, J. M. Duchamp, and K. Wu, “Air-filled substrate integrated waveguide for low-loss and high power handling millimeter-wave substrate integrated circuits,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 1228–1238, Apr. 2015.

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Authors and Affiliations

Mehdi Damou
1
Yassine Benallou
1
Boualem Mansouri
1
Keltouma Nouri
1
Mohammed Chetioui
2
Abdelhakim Boudkhil
2

  1. Laboratory of Technology of Communication, Faculty of Technology, University of Dr. Tahar Moulay of Saida, Algeria
  2. Laboratory of Telecommunications, Faculty of Technology, University of Abu Bakr Belkaid of Tlemcen, Algeria

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