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Performance and mechanism of Carrousel oxidation ditch and water Spinach wetland combined process in treating water hyacinth (Pontederia crassipes) biogas slurry

Yaqin Yu Xueyou Fang Lanying Li Yumeng Xu
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2023 | vol. 49 | No 1 | 39-46 | DOI: 10.24425/aep.2023.144735
Keywords Pontederia crassipes biogas slurry Carrousel oxidation ditch water spinach wetland refractory organics
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Abstract

Owing to its high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus, the slurry from water hyacinth (Pontederia crassipes) biogas production cannot be discharged directly without further treatment. To achieve the target of water recycling, a new strategy of combining a Carrousel oxidation ditch with a water spinach wetland was developed in this study for the harmless treatment of Pontederia crassipes biogas slurry. First, the water quality characteristics of the biogas slurry were measured. Then, comprehensive tests of the combined slurry treatment system were carried out to verify pollutant removal performance and mechanism. The results showed that the Carrousel oxidation ditch reduced the inlet pollutant load of the subsequent water spinach wetland. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) contents of the average effluent from the combined system were less than 50 mg/L, 1.6 mg/L, 6 mg/L, and 0.5 mg/L, respectively, which means that all met urban sewage treatment standard of Level 1 Grade A (GB18918-2002). Gas chromatography – mass spectrometry analysis showed that the combined system had decreased various types of organic pollutants in the biogas slurry exponentially, efficiently removing alkane pollutants, aromatic hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic compounds. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed very large surface area of the water spinach roots in the wetland, which played important roles in enriching the microorganisms and trapping organic matter. Plant absorption, microbial degradation, and filtration were the primary ways in which the water spinach wetland purified the biogas slurry.
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Authors and Affiliations

Yaqin Yu
1
Xueyou Fang
1
Lanying Li
1
Yumeng Xu
2
  1. Yancheng Institute of Technology, China
  2. Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, China

Biological Water Quality Assessment of the Ścinawa Niemodlińska River Based on the Biotic Index Method

Izabela Czerniawska-Kusza
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2003 | vol. 29 | No 1 | 39-46
Keywords benthos macroinvertebrate Belgian Biotic Index method biological water quality Ścinawa Niemodlińska river
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Abstract

Considering the fact that water quality monitoring programs in Poland are mostly based on physicochemical variables and saprobie systems, it is important to evaluate also the possibility of applying biotic index methods for water quality assessment. The investigation was carried out at the Ścinawa Niemodlińska river (Opole Voivodeship). Benthic macroinvertebrates from seven sampling sites were sampled twice in 1999. Belgian Biotic Index values were calculated on the basis of the results of qualitative and quantitative analyses of the macroinvertebrate community, as the example of the biotic index application. BBi values indicated a low, but different in particular sites, pollution level of the studied ecosystem.
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Authors and Affiliations

Izabela Czerniawska-Kusza

Investigation of tylosin and tilmicosin residues in meat by high-performance liquid chromatography method

M. Gürel Yücel H. Seçilmiş F. Taşçı
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2023 | vol. 26 | No 1 | 39-46 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145005
Keywords meat HPLC tilmicosin tylosin
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Abstract

In this study, the presence and level of macrolide group antibiotics (tylosin and tilmicosin) were analyzed by the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method in a total of 126 raw meat samples, including 42 chicken breast and 84 beef neck, available for consumption in the Burdur province (Turkey). The method demonstrated good linearity (R2 > 0.999) over the assayed concentration range (0.10-10 μg/mL). Intra-day and inter-day recoveries were used to express the accuracy of the method at three different levels of 0.5, 1, 2.5 μg/mL. Intraday recoveries and relative standard deviation values ranged from 97.270 (0.054)% to 98.643 (0.061)%, and inter-day recoveries and relative standard deviation values ranged from 97.057 (0.070)% to 98.197(0.042)% for tylosin. Intraday recoveries and relative standard deviation values ranged from 96.360 (0.065)% to 98.153 (0.046)%, and inter-day recoveries and relative standard deviation values ranged from 96.050 (0.058)% to 97.053 (0.096)% for tilmicosin. The limit of detection (LOD) value was calculated as 0.473 μg/kg for tylosin, and 0.481 μg/kg for tilmicosin; the limit of quantification (LOQ) value was calculated as 1.561 μg/kg for tylosin, and 1.587 μg/kg for tilmicosin. In general, tylosin and tilmicosin were determined in the range of 8-256 μg/kg and 30-447 μg/kg, respectively, in chicken breast meat samples; also, they were detected in the range of 36-1209 μg/kg and 30-1102 μg/kg, respectively, in beef neck meat samples. It was also found that the residues of tylosin and tilmicosin in chicken and beef meats from the market were at a much higher level than the acceptable limits specified in the regulations. This creates serious problems in terms of the ecosystem, food technology, and public health, and causes significant economic losses.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Gürel Yücel
1
H. Seçilmiş
2
F. Taşçı
1
  1. Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15030, Istiklal Campus, Burdur, Turkey
  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15030, Istiklal Campus, Burdur, Turkey

Neonatal pinealectomy in rats — a simple micro-suction technique

Bohdan Pawlicki Brandon Michael Henry Krzysztof A. Tomaszewski Mariusz Gajda Iwona Brzozowska Jerzy A. Walocha Anna Skowron-Cendrzak
Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2017 | vol. 57 | No 1 | 39-46 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2017.115924
Keywords melatonin neonate pinealectomy pineal gland rat
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Abstract

To determine the role of the pineal gland and its secretory product melatonin on various aspects of the functioning of the organism, the gland can be easily surgically removed in rats within 18 hours a fter birth. We performed pinealectomy in rats in a state of deep hypothermia under an operating microscope, using a micro-suction device of our own construction. The rats were induced into a state of suspended animation by placing them in the freezing compartment at minus 20 Celsius degrees. The cessation of respiration and heart beat lasted for about 15 minutes. During that time the pinealectomy was performed. In some cases there was minor hemorrhage that was easily controlled. There were no major side effects or mortality following surgery. All rats recovered within 15 minutes after the end of the procedure. The pinealectomy procedure described in this study is simple, rapid, effective and safe, and can be easily performed with instruments commonly available in most laboratories.

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Authors and Affiliations

Bohdan Pawlicki
Brandon Michael Henry
Krzysztof A. Tomaszewski
Mariusz Gajda
Iwona Brzozowska
Jerzy A. Walocha
Anna Skowron-Cendrzak

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