Seed endophytes are potential bioagents for plant protection and growth promoters. The question of the specifics of their isolation in cultural environments is not clear. The purpose of this study was to establish the nature of the interaction of endophytic fungi of wheat seeds with different levels of aggressiveness and presence in the mycobiota. Dual cultivation was carried out at potato-glucose agar (PGA), comparing with single fungal cultivation. The mutual influence of fungi during joint cultivation was established. Alternaria arborescens, which dominated in the mycobiota of wheat seeds from northeastern Ukraine, suppressed the development of only P enicillium. Nigrospora oryzae, Bipolaris sorokiniana, and Phoma developed faster than A. arborescens. Fusarium poae, and F. sporotrichioides competed for agar medium with N. oryzae. Known bioagents from wheat seeds showed unexpectedly low results. Trichothecium roseum formed a rejection zone during co-cultivation with F. graminearum. Trichoderma sp. Max18 (resistant to fludioxonil) on the 7th day inhibited the development of Penicillium, F. graminearum, and A. arborescens by 55, 48 and 26%, respectively. N. oryzae developed faster than the mycoparasitic fungus, but the latter began to parasitize it only from the 13th day.

Arriving at a good combination of coding and modulation schemes that can achieve good error correction constitutes a challenge in digital communication systems. In this work, we explore the combination of permutation coding (PC) and pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) for mitigating channel errors in the presence of background noise and jitter. Since PAM is characterised with bi-polar constellations, Euclidean distance is a good choice for predicting the performance of such coded modulation setup. In order to address certain challenges facing PCs, we therefore introduce injections in the coding system, together with a modified form of PAM system. This modification entails constraining the PAM constellations to the size of the codeword’s symbol. The results obtained demonstrate the strength of the modified coded PAM system over the conventional PC coded PAM system.