This article employs the classical Euler–Bernoulli beam theory in connection with Green–Naghdi’s generalized thermoelasticity theory without energy dissipation to investigate the vibrating microbeam. The microbeam is considered with linearly varying thickness and subjected to various boundary conditions. The heat and motion equations are obtained using the modified couple stress analysis in terms of deflection with only one material length-scale parameter to capture the size-dependent behavior. Various combinations of free, simply-supported, and clamped boundary conditions are presented. The effect of length-to-thickness ratio, as well as the influence of both couple stress parameter and thermoelastic coupling, are all discussed. Furthermore, the effect of reference temperature on the eigenfrequency is also investigated. The vibration frequencies indicate that the tapered microbeam modeled by modified couple stress analysis causes more responses than that modeled by classical continuum beam theory, even the thermoelastic coupled is taken into account.

The article is an attempt to interpret selected works by Fyodor Sologub ( Церковь, В моей лампаде ясный свет..., Опять сияние в лампаде..., Моя верховная Воля), characterized by the lyrical I’s gradual departure, a turning away from God towards the forces of evil, deism and demonic solipsism. These works display the complex motifs typical of modernist aestheticism; inspired by the philosophical thought of A. Schopenhauer: his pessimism, disillusionment with the world, despair, existential emptiness, complete loneliness etc. The lyrical subject finds himself in a certain spiritual wilderness. His relationship with God undergoes a drastic change. The hitherto Christian figure of the merciful Father is replaced by the strict and cruel judge, the evil demiurge. The poet gives him the name of the Old Testament God – Adonai. However, by his actions (evil, insidious and vengeful), he rather resembles the Gnostic Jaldabaoth or Satan – the opponent of Christians. The interpreted texts also reveal the authorial lyrical speaker as fascinated with “the new genius” – Lucifer, whose image becomes positively redefined. He gains the status, as well as the features and powers traditionally ascribed to the Christian God.

Increasing the share of energy production from renewable sources (RES) plays a key role in the sustainable and more competitive development of the energy sector. Among the renewable energy sources, the greatest increase can be observed in the case of solar and wind power generation. It should be noted that RES are an increasingly important elements of the power systems and that their share in energy production will continue to rise. On the other hand the development of variable generation sources (wind and solar energy) poses a serious challenge for power systems as operators of unconventional power plants are unable to provide information about the forecasted production level and the energy generated in a given period is sometimes higher than the demand for energy in all of the power systems. Therefore, with the development of RES, a considerable amount of the generated energy is wasted. The solution is energy storage, which makes it possible to improve the management of power systems. The objective of this article is to present the concept of electricity storage in the form of the chemical energy of hydrogen (Power to Gas) in order to improve the functioning of the power system in Poland. The expected growth in the installed capacity of wind power plants will result in more periods in which excess energy will be produced. In order to avoid wasting large amounts of energy, the introduction of storage systems is necessary. An analysis of the development of wind power plants demonstrates that the Power to Gas concept can be developed in Poland, as indicated by the estimated installed capacity and the potential amount of energy to be generated. In view of the above, the excess electricity will be available for storage in the form of chemical energy of hydrogen, which

This study investigates learners’ processing of English unaccusative verbs in the inchoative frame ( The door opened; Oil is spilling). Previous approaches explained L2 difficulty with the inchoative construction in terms of learners’ L1 and their perception of discourse or semantic factors hypothesized to be responsible for common overpassivization errors ( The door was opened). The purpose of the present study is to complement the extant inventory by proposing an additional factor instrumental in L2 processing. It is hypothesized that L2 use of unaccusative verbs is contingent on learners’ familiarity with formulaic expressions exemplifying the inchoative construction. The study focuses on the entrenchment of frequent phrases like My jaw dropped in Czech and Polish learners. In a lexical decision task, their reaction times for frequent expressions were found to be faster and fewer mistakes were made than in the case of non-formulaic counterparts ( My hair dropped).