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Abstract

This work aims to analyze the effects of niobium on the bioactivity of a titanium, nickel, aluminum, and niobium alloy obtained by the Plasma Skull Push Pull process (PSPP). Titanium alloys, such as NiTinol (NiTi), are metallic biomaterials that have wide application in health and surgical prostheses. In this work the microstructural and bioactivity characteristics of the alloys are evaluated. The addition of aluminum improves alloy ductility and reduces its cost. The addition of niobium favors the hydroxyapatite nucleation. Therefore, the addition of the combination of the two elements contributes to lower cost and better alloy bioactivity.
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Authors and Affiliations

R.L.P. Teixeira
1
ORCID: ORCID
J.C. de Lacerda
1
ORCID: ORCID
I.C Conceição
1
ORCID: ORCID
S.N. da Silva
2
ORCID: ORCID
G.O. Siqueira
1
ORCID: ORCID
F. Moura Filho
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Universidade Federal de Itajubá, Itabira, MG, Brazil
  2. Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Abstract

In the paper an application of evolutionary algorithm to design and optimization of combinational digital circuits with respect to transistor count is presented. Multiple layer chromosomes increasing the algorithm efficiency are introduced. Four combinational circuits with truth tables chosen from literature are designed using proposed method. Obtained results are in many cases better than those obtained using other methods.

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Authors and Affiliations

A. Słowik
M. Białko

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