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Finite element analysis of mechanical stress in in-wheel motor

Jie Xu
Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2022 | vol. 71 | No 2 | 455-469 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2022.140722
Keywords deformation in-wheel motor mechanical loads mechanical stress (MS)
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Abstract

When the in-wheel motor is working, it will be affected by gravity, centrifugal force and electromagnetic force. These three kinds of mechanical loads will affect the mechanical stress characteristics of the in-wheel motor, and then affect the reliability of the in-wheel motor structure. In order to understand the influence of the above loads on the mechanical stress of the in-wheel motor, this paper takes a 15-kWbuilt-in permanent magnet in-wheel motor as the research object. Based on the establishment of the electromagnetic field and structure field coupling analysis model of the in-wheel motor, the mechanical stress of the in-wheel motor under different mechanical loads under rated and peak conditions are calculated and analyzed, and the influence of different mechanical loads on the stress and deformation of the in-wheel motor are studied. The research results show that, regardless of the rated operating condition or the peak operating condition, the in-wheel motor has the largest mechanical stress and deformation under the combined action of centrifugal force and electromagnetic force, and the smallest mechanical stress and deformation under the action of gravity only; under the same load (except for the case of gravity only), the stress and deformation of the in-wheel motor under the peak operating condition are larger than those under the rated operating condition; and the maximum stress and deformation of the in-wheel motor appear at the rotor magnetic bridge and the inner edge of the rotor, respectively, so the rotor is an easily damaged part of the in-wheel motor.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jie Xu
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Shandong University of Technology, School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, China

Investigation of deformation behaviour of steel, aluminium and copper alloys during hydro-mechanical drawing

Binayak Nahak Anil Kumar Anshul Yadav Jerzy Winczek
Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2022 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 455-469 | DOI: 10.24425/ame.2022.141516
Keywords hydro-mechanical drawing EN10130 copper C12200 aluminium 8011 deformation
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Abstract

The hydro-mechanical drawing combines conventional deep drawing and sheet hydroforming and is widely used in the automotive industry. In this study, we designed and fabricated an indigenous experimental set-up that is low cost, low weight and portable. This study investigated the deformation of sheet metals into hemispherical cup-shaped parts made of different materials, viz., aluminium 8011 alloys, copper C12200 and steel EN10130 alloys. The initial thickness of sheet metal was 0.4 mm, the most common thickness range used in automotive applications. The deformation behaviour in terms of dome height has been measured by varying the pressure of the fluids. Aluminium 8011 alloy sheets showed a maximum dome height of 11.46 mm at a pressure of 1.47 MPa with no rupture. Steel EN10130 sheets had a maximum dome height of 10.89 mm at a pressure of 9.31 MPa. It was concluded that the behaviours of materials are different in the hydro-mechanical drawing process than in mechanical tests. Copper C12200 sheet showed superior formability with a maximum dome height of 18.91 mm at a pressure of 7.06 MPa than other materials without fracture.
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Authors and Affiliations

Binayak Nahak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anil Kumar
2
ORCID: ORCID
Anshul Yadav
2
Jerzy Winczek
3
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj – 211004, India
  2. Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur – 228118, India
  3. Częstochowa University of Technology, Częstochowa, Poland

Scheduling with the Probabilistic Coupling Method I (PTCM I) – assuming the continuity of work of working teams

Paulina Kostrzewa-Demczuk Magdalena Rogalska
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 2 | 455-469 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.145278
Keywords construction project management schedule Probabilistic Coupling Method I (PTCM I) Multivariate Method of Statistical Models (MMSM)
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Abstract

Modeling and numerical analysis of the design of building structures, their technology, organization and management methods of construction processes are the subject of the work of many scientists in Poland. Schedule designers try to best reflect the reality of construction projects with the available methods, although this procedure is not always successful. One of the scheduling methods is the Time Coupling Methods (TCM), which can be refined using the predictive durations of the Multivariate Method of Statistical Models (MMSM) construction processes and standard deviations. A new scheduling method in the probabilistic approach was developed – Probabilistic Time Couplings Method I (PTCM I). At PTCM I, work is organized in such a way as to maintain the continuity of work of employees, as downtime of workers is disadvantageous and costly. The total duration of the new investment was forecasted and compared with the other methods of scheduling and with real time after its completion. The results clearly show that the developed methodology can be successfully used in scheduling construction works.
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Authors and Affiliations

Paulina Kostrzewa-Demczuk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Magdalena Rogalska
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Kielce University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland
  2. Lublin University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nadbystrzycka St. 40, 20-618 Lublin, Poland

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