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Abstract

The author’s aim is to analyze the letters of Lydia Zinovieva‑Annibal to Vyacheslav Ivanov for the years 1894‑1899. Not only was their relative‑communicative aspect interpreted, but chiefly the reflection contained in it, concerning literature (poetry), music, creating works of art, the condition and role of an artist etc. It was demonstrated, by joining the author in her general reflections on life, that she constituted a voice in the dialogue with Vyacheslav Ivanov – the poet, literary theorist and philosopher. The conducted analysis also proves that the writer’s views, as reflected in her letters, are inscribed in the aesthetics of symbolism and the philosophical‑literary tradition contained in it (Plato, Nietzsche).
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Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Gozdek
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Lublin, Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
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Abstract

The essential parameters for structure integrity assessment in Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) are Stress Intensity Factors (SIFs). The estimation of SIFs can be done by analytical or numerical techniques. The analytical estimation of SIFs is limited to simple structures with non-complicated boundaries, loads and supports. An effective numerical technique for analyzing problems with singular fields, such as fracture mechanics problems, is the extended finite element method (XFEM). In the paper, XFEM is applied to compute an actual stress field in a two-dimensional cracked body. The XFEM is based on the idea of enriching the approximation in the vicinity of the discontinuity. As a result, the numerical model consists of three types of elements: non-enriched elements, fully enriched elements (the domain of whom is cut by a discontinuity), and partially enriched elements (the so-called blending elements). In a blending element, some but not all of the nodes are enriched, which adds to the approximation parasitic term. The error caused by the parasitic terms is partly responsible for the degradation of the convergence rate. It also limits the accuracy of the method. Eliminating blending elements from approximation space and replacing them with standard elements, together with applying shifted-basis enrichment, makes it possible to avoid the problem. The numerical examples show improvements in results when compared with the standard XFEM approach.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Stąpór

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