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Abstract

The three-dimensional (3D) coordinate measurement of radio frequency identification (RFID) multi-tag

networks is one of the important issues in the field of RFID, which affects the reading performance of

RFID multi-tag networks. In this paper, a novel method for 3D coordinate measurement of RFID multitag

networks is proposed. A dual-CCD system (vertical and horizontal cameras) is used to obtain images of

RFID multi-tag networks from different angles. The iterative threshold segmentation and the morphological

filtering method are used to process the images. The template matching method is respectively used to

determine the two-dimensional (2D) coordinate and the vertical coordinate of each tag. After that, the

3D coordinate of each tag is obtained. Finally, a back-propagation (BP) neural network is used to model

the nonlinear relationship between the RFID multi-tag network and the corresponding reading distance.

The BP neural network can predict the reading distances of unknown tag groups and find out the optimal

distribution structure of the tag groups corresponding to the maximum reading distance. In the future work,

the corresponding in-depth research on the neural network to adjust the distribution of tags will be done.

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Authors and Affiliations

Zhuang Xiao
Xiaolei Yu
Zhimin Zhao
Wenjie Zhang
Zhenlu Liu
Dongsheng Lu
Dingbang Dong
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Abstract

The Silurian fishes from north-western Hunan, China are characterised by the earliest known galeaspids

Dayongaspis Pan and Zeng, 1985 and Konoceraspis Pan, 1992, and the earliest known antiarch Shimenolepis

Wang J.-Q., 1991, as well as rich sinacanth fin spines. Shimenolepis from Lixian County in north-western

Hunan, which was dated as the Telychian (late Llandovery), has long been regarded as the oldest representative

of the placoderms in the world. As such, in addition to eastern Yunnan and the Lower Yangtze Region,

north-western Hunan represents another important area in South China that yields important fossil material

for the research of early vertebrates and related stratigraphy. Here we summarise the Silurian fishes known in

north-western Hunan so far, and classify them into three vertebrate assemblages (i.e., the Wentang, Maoshan,

and Yangtze assemblages). Based on the updated Silurian vertebrate and stratigraphic databases, the Silurian

fish-bearing strata in north-western Hunan can be subdivided into the Rongxi, Huixingshao, and Xiaoxi formations

in ascending chronological order, which can be correlated with the Lower Red Beds, the Upper Red Beds,

and the Ludlow Red Beds in South China, respectively. A new look at the Silurian strata in Lixian suggests that

the age of Shimenolepis is late Ludlow rather than late Llandovery as previously suggested. The research on

Silurian fishes and biostratigraphy in north-western Hunan not only provides morphological data of early vertebrates,

but also offers new palaeoichthyological evidence for the subdivision, correlation, and age assignment of

the Silurian marine red beds in South China. The establishment of a related high-precision Silurian stratigraphic

framework in north-western Hunan will help to elucidate the temporal and spatial distribution of Silurian fossil

fishes, deepen the understanding of the evolution of early vertebrates, and unravel the coevolution between

Silurian vertebrates and the palaeoenvironment.

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Authors and Affiliations

Zhao Wenjin
Zhu Min
Gai Zhikun
Pan Zhaohui
Cui Xindong
Cai Jiachen
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Abstract

Little is known about the genealogy and the biography of Eleonora Ziemięcka née Gagatkiewicz. Poland’s first female philosopher (1819–1869). This article, the fruit of extensive archival research, now supplies the missing data. It not only fi xes her birth date – hitherto unknown – but also gives us an insight into the circumstances and reasons of her being brought up away from her parents. It has also been possible to collect a good deal of information about her relations, especially the Gagatkiewicz family (she was the granddaughter of Walenty Gagatkiewicz, the most distinguished physician of late 18th century Warsaw), and the family connections and the profi le of her husband, the portrait painter Antoni Ziemięcki.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dorota Samborska-Kukuć
ORCID: ORCID

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