The paper presents a mature concept of an intelligent monitoring system of air pollution inflow and its realization in the form of a SINZaP system lunched at Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas (]ETU) in 2006. SINZaP is a real time operating system resembling a neural network. It is designed for modeling of pollutant emissions and air pollutants concentrations, addressed to specialists or decision makers responsible for air quality management. For modeling of emission and air pollutants concentrations in SIZNaP system, a back trajectory model -BackTrack has been used, which is based on YLSTRACK model. The essential feature ofthe BackTrack model is the application of back trajectories in the selection of emission sources influencing a given receptor. For modeling of trajectories BackTrack uses three-dimensional wind fields, friction velocity, MoninObukhov length and mixing layer height. SINZaP consists of four main modules: (I) data module including data scanner for reading public data accessible in the Internet, (2) module for preparation of meteorological data, (3) BackTrack module for simulations of pollutants emissions and simulations of air pollutants concentrations, and (4) Trainer module, the task ofwhich is correction of input parameters for adjusting modeling and observed data.

Based on the respective characteristics of line-commutated converter high-voltage direct current (LCC-HVDC) and voltage-source converter high voltage direct cur- rent (VSC-HVDC), two additional emergency DC power support (EDCPS) controllers are designed, respectively. In addition a coordinated control strategy based on a hybrid multi-infeed HVDC system for EDCPS is proposed. Considering the difference in system recovery between LCC-HVDC and VSC-HVDC in EDCPS, according to the magnitude of the amount of potential power loss, the LCC-HVDC and VSC-HVDC priority issues of boosting power for EDCPS are discussed in detail. Finally, a hybrid three-infeed HVDC that consists of two parallel LCC-HVDCs and one VSC-HVDC that is built in PSCAD/EMTDC are simulated. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified based on this hybrid three-infeed HVDC system.

In the paper, the author presents a certain approach to interpretation of surface vorticity distribution on the airfoil surface, which leads to reduction of computational cost of surface vorticity distribution method (SYM). Some examples of the calculations are shown, and the results compared with solutions based on conformal mapping method as well as with experimental data. The calculations were done employing linear vortex distributions on each panel. The Neuman boundary condition was established at the collocation points. An unloaded trailing edge Kutta-Joukowski condition was applied in the present work. The interpretation of continuous vorticity distribution at the airfoil surface made it possible to reduce the number of panels on airfoil surface, and a satisfactory accuracy was maintained. In these circumstances one can do the calculations even by means of a programmable calculator.

Structural vibration damping via piezoelectric shunt circuits has received a great deal of attention recently as they are light, easy to use and provide for good vibration damping performance. This study investigates vibration damping of a clamped-free beam under harmonic excitations in the steady state. The damping control strategy utilises the piezoelectric properties of PZT materials and a shunt circuit consisting of series RLC elements in parallel configuration. The analysis was made for the first mode frequency and, at the same time, for the four resonance frequencies.

Taking into account the numerous previous attempts to use waste glass for concrete production, an approach was proposed based solely on car side window glass waste. Only side window waste emerging during the production of car side windows was used during the research program. In this way, all key properties of the waste glass were under control (purity, granulometric properties, etc.). Two types of concretes with crushed side window glass, playing the role of coarse aggregate, were created. Concretes were differentiated by the amount of added crushed side window glass, which replaced 10–50% of the natural aggregate. Created concretes were thoroughly tested in the state of both a fresh mix and hardened composite. Consistency and air content of fresh mixes were tested. Slump was ranging from 15 mm to 20 mm and air content was ranging from 2.5% to 3.1%. Hardened composites were used to test apparent density, compressive strength, water absorption, water-tightness and resistance to freeze–thaw cycles. It was proven that concrete with side window glass as partial aggregate substitution is characterized by satisfactory mechanical properties (compressive strength after 28 days of curing was ranging from 51.9 MPa to 54.7 MPa), enabling its application as ordinary structural concrete. Properties of both fresh concrete mixes and hardened concretes based on crushed side window glass are similar to a reference concrete. It was proved that it is possible to replace up to 50% of natural coarse aggregate by crushed side window glass. Possible applications of the concretes in question were proposed. Experience gained during the research program is likely to be useful for tests of using crushed side window glass sourced from decommissioned cars and trucks. Areas where future research is needed are indicated.

This paper discusses chronological position of Late Upper Paleolithic shouldered points in the eastern Adriatic and its hinterland. Shouldered points in this area are considered to be fossil directeur of Early Epigravettian. Using old and new data, and pointing to shortcomings in the literature, we aim to prove that shouldered points are not a reliable chronological indicator of Early Epigravettian in the eastern Adriatic because they can be found in a timespan of approximately 10 000 years.

The article provides the first comparative take on the issues surrounding the delivery of cargo without bill of lading in Polish legal literature. The author excludes Rotterdam Rules and domestic regulations of the subject as these call for further studies.

The author notes that bill of lading is recognized in legal systems all over the world as it remains the cornerstone of maritime trade, especially in the department of mass cargo transport. Divergences however do happen and they manifest themselves in several ways. The bill of lading may be substituted by avariety of waybills and shipping lists, as well as electronic negotiable instruments, the latter of which being already in use for years. None of these, however, seem to address the problem in every respect.

The author’s approach is rooted common law, the prevalent system in global maritime trade.

The article presents the two known Poland-related statements by the Hungarian Orientalist Arminius Vámbéry (1832–1913), who explained his opinion on the possible independence of a Polish state twice – in 1898 and 1906. In 1898, he was interviewed by the Budapest correspondent of the Kraków-based Polish newspaper Nowa Reforma. In 1906, he answered an international survey by the cultural journal Krytyka, based in Kraków as well. Vámbéry’s answer to the question of whether Poland should gain independence once again was positive. Still, he justified the necessity of Polish independence not with the interests of the Polish people but with Europe’s wish to be protected from the Russian Empire: to Vámbéry’s mind, an independent Poland should serve as Europe’s bulwark against the Russian enemy. Vámbéry’s fear of the Russian Empire might be in line with his previous views on the Great Game, the rivalry between the Russian Empire and Great Britain on influence in Central Asia, and the European public opinion at the end of the 19th century.

The paper describes the design and multibody dynamic analysis of a mechanically interconnected suspension, as applied to a small off-road vehicle. Interconnected suspensions use some sort of connection between the axles of a vehicle in order improve ride quality or vehicle handling. In principle, the connection may be hydraulic, pneumatic, or mechanical, but for installation in a typical passenger car, a mechanical connection would likely be impractical due to weight and complexity. In this paper, the vehicle in question is the University of Windsor SAE Baja off-road competition vehicle, and novel mechanical design is proposed. A multibody dynamic analysis is performed on the proposed design using the EoM open source multibody software developed by theUniversity ofWindsorVehicle Dynamics and Control research group in order to assess any potential performance improvements.

The Author discussed in his article the problem of ethic foundations of promoters of psychohistory. He, argues that psychotherapeutic inclinations of scholars resulted in the alienation of this approach within historical sciences, what - in the end - did not prevent psychohistorians from becoming active outside the closed circle of the discipline.

The paper aims to give the results of initial research on the collection of incunabula from the St John’s church in Gdańsk. The collection constitutes significant part of PAN Biblioteka Gdańska. The author reconstructed the size and contents of the collection on the basis of the original church catalogues, marks of ownership and the physical details of the items. The books were gathered in the St John’s church from the time of the collections foundation until the 20th century. The paper establishes also the losses sustained by St John’s church’s library during World War II. Thanks to the incunabula’s content analysis the author determines the thematic focal points of the collection.

This article outlines the rise and development of popular science periodicals in Poland from the 18th century until 1939. Their history begins in 1758 with the publication of Nowe Wiadomości Ekonomiczne i Uczone [Latest Economic and Learned News]. Our corpus includes 128 periodicals representing a great diversity of formats and content.