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Abstract

The dominant feature of foreign speech is the availability of appeals, because they indicate the opposition «addressee – sender», reflecting the speaker’s attitude to the interlocutor, to the environment, certifying the status of a person, and adapting us to the perception of information and to some extent reactions to it. The aim of the article is to characterize the semantic and functional features of vocatives as integral components of foreign speech by the example of prayer texts (458 prayers are analyzed). Very often such constructions in prayers have additional means of dissemination, including artistic definitions, homogeneous affixes, separate members of the speech itself and even predicative units that we rarely find in other speech patterns. Appeals to God, the Mother of God and servants of God (apostles, angels, saints, etc.) are productive in vocative structures. The names of religious attributes, believers and evil spirits are used less actively in this role. In addition, the believer’s constant appeal to higher powers gives the prayer discourse signs of dialogue, although there is no reverse communication.
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Authors and Affiliations

Nataliya Torchyns’ka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mykhaylo Torchyns’kyy
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Khmelnytskyi National University
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Abstract

Beamforming is an advanced signal processing technique used in sensor arrays for directional signal transmission

or reception. The paper deals with a system based on an ultrasound transmitter and an array of

receivers, to determine the distance to an obstacle by measuring the time of flight and – using the phase

beamforming technique to process the output signals of receivers for finding the direction from which the

reflected signal is received – locates the obstacle. The embedded beam-former interacts with a PID-based

line follower robot to improve performance of the line follower navigation algorithm by detecting and

avoiding obstacles. The PID (proportional-integral-derivative) algorithm is also typically used to control

industrial processes. It calculates the difference between a measured value and a desired set of points, then

attempts to minimize the error by adjusting the output. The overall navigation system combines a PID-based

trajectory follower with a spatial-temporal filter (beamformer) that uses the output of an array of sensors to

extract signals received from an obstacle in a particular direction in order to guide an autonomous vehicle

or a robot along a safe path.

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Authors and Affiliations

Patrick Kapita Mvemba
Aimé Lay-Ekuakille
Simon Kidiamboko
Md Zia Uhr Rahman

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