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Abstract

In order to investigate the influence of vertical ground motion on seismic responses of story-isolation structures mounted on triple friction pendulum (TFP) bearings, the finite element model of a six-story building with various types of interlayer isolation TFP bearings under far field or near fault ground motions is established and analysed. A discrepancy rate function of peak interlayer shear, acceleration and displacement results is adopted to discuss the influence of the vertical seismic motions on isolation structural responses. Furthermore, the isolation form, the isolation period and the friction coefficient of bearings are changed to study their effect on the vertical seismic component’s influence. The results show that the influence of the vertical seismic component is considerable on the isolation layer especially under near-fault ground motions, so it should not be overlooked during the structural design; The change of isolation forms will greatly affect the influence of the vertical seismic component especially in the isolation layer and isolation systems with isolation devices set on higher stories or with less isolation layers will have less vertical seismic effect on story acceleration; The increase of the isolation period will globally result in the decrease of the influence of vertical seismic components, though in some cases it shows some sort of fluctuation before the final decrease; The increase of the friction coefficient will lead to the global decrease in the influence of the vertical seismic component in single-layer isolation structures, while it does not obviously affect those in the multi-layer isolation systems.
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Bibliography


[1] K. Ryan, C. Earl. “Analysis and Design of Inter-story Isolation Systems with Nonlinear Devices,” Journal of Earthquake Engineering 14(7): pp. 1044–1062, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632461003668020
[2] D.C.Charmpis, P.Komodromos, M.C.Phocas. “Optimized earthquake response of multi‐storey buildings with seismic isolation at various elevations,” Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 41(15): pp. 2289–2310, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2187
[3] H. Fakhri, G.G. Amiri. “Nonlinear Response-History Analysis of Triple Friction Pendulum Bearings (TFPB), Installed Between Stories,” 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, 2012.
[4] A. Reggio, M.D. Angelis. “Optimal energy‐based seismic design of non‐conventional Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) implemented via inter‐story isolation,” Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 44(10): pp. 1623–1642, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2548
[5] M. Rabiei, F. Khoshnoudian. “Response of multistory friction pendulum base-isolated buildings including the vertical component of earthquakes,” Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 38(10): pp. 1045–1059, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1139/l11-064
[6] K. Faramarz, R. Montazar. “Seismic Response of Double Concave Friction Pendulum Base-Isolated Structures Considering Vertical Component of Earthquake,” Advances in Structural Engineering 13(1): pp. 1–14, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.13.1.1
[7] V. Loghman, F. Khoshnoudian, M. Banazadeh. “Effect of vertical component of earthquake on seismic response of triple concave friction pendulum base-isolated structures,” Journal of Vibration & Control 21(11): pp. 2099–2113, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077546313503359
[8] D.M. Fenz, M.C. Constantinou. “Spherical sliding isolation bearings with adaptive behavior: Theory,” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 37(2): pp. 163-183, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.751
[9] D.M. Fenz, M.C. Constantinou. “Spherical sliding isolation bearings with adaptive behavior: Experimental verification,” Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 37(2): pp. 185–205, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.750
[10] N.D. Dao. “Seismic Response of a Full-scale 5-story Steel Frame Building Isolated by Triple Pendulum Bearings under Three-Dimensional Excitations,” Dissertations & Theses - Gradworks, University of Nevada, 2012.
[11] T.C. Becker, S.A. Mahin. “Approximating peak responses in seismically isolated buildings using generalized modal analysis,” Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 42(12): pp. 1807–1825, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2299
[12] J. Sheller, M.C. Constantinou. “Response history analysis of structures with seismic isolation and energy dissipation systems: verification examples for program SAP2000,” Report No. MCEER 99-02, Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, New York, 1999.
[13] W.I. Liao, C.H. Loh, S. Wan. “Earthquake responses of RC moment frames subjected to near-fault ground motions,” Structural Design of Tall & Special Buildings 10(3): pp. 219–229, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.178
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Authors and Affiliations

Zhao Fang
1
Ping Yan
2

  1. Nanjing Institute of Technology, School of Architecture Engineering, Hongjing Avenue 1, 211167 Nanjing, China
  2. Jiangsu Provincial Architectural D&R Institute LTD, Chuangyi Road 86, 211167 Nanjing, China
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Abstract

The article presents the results of a sociolinguistic study of surzhyk in the speech of residents of the North‑Eastern region of Ukraine. The focus is on the main trends of communicative possibilities of surzhyk and its functional features in the situation of a multi‑code. It was found that the conscious use of surzhyk speech is a characteristic primarily of young speakers, who are able to realise its irregularity and use for a certain purpose, although in a limited range of situations. In situations of family communication, they use surzhyk as their ‘home language’. Such behaviour can also be a sign of a certain communicative ‘game’ when the speaker uses any language ‘image’ adapted to the specific needs of language communication. A diachronic analysis of the functional capabilities of surzhyk made it possible to reveal, on the one hand, its gradual ‘ageing’ as a functional first language, and on the other hand, its ‘getting younger’ as a conventional stylistic marker. Besides, its increased frequency in extra‑family communication has been recorded, which may indicate a gradual transition of the Russian‑speaking residents of Sumy to Ukrainian‑speaking forms of behaviour.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tetiana Kuznietsova
1 2

  1. Ольденбург, Інститут славістики Університету ім. Карла фон Осецького
  2. Київ, Київський університет імені Бориса Грінченка

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