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Abstract

The author of the article focuses her attention on the Polish-language part of the Suprasl Lexicon published in 1722 by the Basilian convent publishing house in Suprasl. In terms of origin the regional vocabulary constitutes two groups. One group, with its parallels in Old Church Slavonic (OCS), exhibits a common Slavonic occurrence. In formal terms, the words register West Slavonic features such as the Polish suffix -ro- in skowroda (OCS сковрада, Ruthenian сковoрoда) or -ło- in tłokno (OCS тлакно, Ruthenian толокно). The provenance of the other group of regional vocabulary is more limited in rangeand we should search for references in the West Ruthenian languages developing within the Polish language of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (e.g., brozna, bystrzynia, czerha, muraszczka, muraszcznik, niedonosek, powodyr, przekidczyk, radno). The majority of the analyzed words have been found in 19th-century sources (e.g., dialect dictionaries, Adam Mickiewicz’s literary texts). However, the analysis proves that their chronology begins as early as in the 17th-18th centuries.

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Authors and Affiliations

Lilia Citko
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Abstract

This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of pentoxifylline (PTX) and L-glutamine (L-Gln) treatment on ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury in the abomasal tissue, acute phase response (APR), oxidative stress (OS), cytokine response, hemostatic, and coagulation disorders in the 96-h period before and after surgery in displaced abomasum (DA) cases. The study sample consisted of 48 dairy cows with DA that were categorized into four groups as group S (Sham group) (9 Left displaced abomasum (LDA)+3 Right displaced abomasum (RDA), group P (PTX) (10 LDA+2 RDA), group G (L-Gln) (10 LDA+2 RDA), and group P+G (PTX+L-Gln) (10 LDA+2 RDA). Acute-phase protein (Haptoglobin), oxidative stress indicators (malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and glutathione), cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), coagulation factors (D-Dimer, Antithrombin (ATIII), Thrombin-antithrombin complex, Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1), and enzyme activities (lactate dehydrogenase, gamma- -glutamyl transferase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase, myeloperoxidase, and creatine phosphokinase) in blood serum samples and coagulometric analyses of blood plasma were performed in samples taken before the operation and at 30 and 60 min and 2, 5, 10, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the operation. In DA cases, while post-operative treatment procedures with PTX and L-Gln were effective in decreasing APR and OS, these were ineffective in prohibiting the inflammatory response coordinated by cytokines. For the treatment and prevention of I/R injury in the DA cases, PTX and L-Gln procedures hold promise with their effects on APR, OS, and hemostatic dysfunction. Additional treatment procedures are required for the suppression of inflammatory response, and the effectiveness of preconditioning treatment may be evaluated.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Maden
1
R. Yildiz
2
R. Çöl
3
M. Arican
4
M. Ider
1
K. Parlak
4
B. Tras
5

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, 42003, Konya, Turkey
  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
  3. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, 42003, Konya, Turkey
  4. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, 42003, Konya, Turkey
  5. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, 42003, Konya, Turkey
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Abstract

Design closure, i.e., adjustment of geometry parameters to boost the performance, is a challenging stage of antenna design process. Given complexity of contemporary structures, reliable parameter tuning requires numerical optimization and can be executed using local algorithms. Yet, EM-driven optimization is a computationally expensive endeavour and reducing its cost is highly desirable. In this paper, a modification of the trust-region gradient search algorithm is proposed for accelerated optimization of antenna structures. The algorithm is based on sparse updates of antenna sensitivities involving various methods that include the Broyden formula used for selected parameters, as well as dimensionality- and convergence-dependent acceptance thresholds which enable additional speedup, and make the procedure easy to tune for various numbers of antenna parameters. Comprehensive verification executed for a set of benchmark antennas delivers consistent results and considerable cost reduction of up to 60 percent with respect to the reference algorithm. Experimental validation is also provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

Sławomir Kozieł
Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska

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