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Abstract

Artificial Intelligence, both as a hope of making a substantial progress, and a fear of the unknown and unimaginable, has its roots in human dreams. These dreams were materialized by means of rational intellectual efforts. We see beginnings of such a process in Lullus’s fancies. Many scholars and enthusiasts participated in the development of Lullus’s art, ars combinatoria. Amongst them, Athanasius Kircher was distinguished. Gottfried Leibniz ended the period in which the idea of artificial intelligence had been shaped, and started a new one when artificial intelligence could be considered a part of science, according to today’s standards.

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Authors and Affiliations

Kazimierz Trzęsicki
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Abstract

The paper gives a strategy of geographic information modelling, being comprised in the European Standards (as formulated by the CENffC 287) and also subjected to national standardisation. Main goals of the standardisation are formulated, which include proper arrangement of this domain, as well as formation of prerequisites for reasonabel development of GIS in diversified environments. The last one is necessary to provide effective transfer of geographic data between different GIS installations. There are formulated and defined basic concepts of information modelling, such as conceptual schema, application schema, entity - relationship method, as well as of the EXPRESS language, being the main formal means of the presented methodology. The present state of the national standardisation activities is outlined.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wojciech Pachelski

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