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Pursuing Listeners’ Perceptual Response in Audio-Visual Interactions – Headphones vs Loudspeakers: A Case Study

Bartłomiej Mróz Bożena Kostek
Archives of Acoustics | 2022 | vol. 47 | No 1 | 71-79 | DOI: 10.24425/aoa.2022.140733
Keywords human perception audio-visual interaction 3D perception binaural spatial audio
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Abstract

This study investigates listeners’ perceptual responses in audio-visual interactions concerning binaural spatial audio. Audio stimuli are coupled with or without visual cues to the listeners. The subjective test participants are tasked to indicate the direction of the incoming sound while listening to the audio stimulus via loudspeakers or headphones with the head-related transfer function (HRTF) plugin. First, the methodology assumptions and the experimental setup are described to the participants. Then, the results are presented and analysed using statistical methods. The results indicate that the headphone trials showed much higher perceptual ambiguity for the listeners than when the sound is delivered via loudspeakers. The influence of the visual modality dominates the audio-visual evaluation when loudspeaker playback is employed. Moreover, when the visual stimulus is present, the headphone playback pattern of behavior is not always in response to the loudspeaker playback.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bartłomiej Mróz
1 2
Bożena Kostek
2
  1. Multimedia Systems Department, Gdansk, Poland
  2. Audio Acoustics Laboratory, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland

Series Expanding of the Ultrasound Transmission Coefficient Through a Multilayered Structure

Ahmed Chitnalah Noureddine Aouzale Hicham Jakjoud
Archives of Acoustics | 2023 | vol. 48 | No 1 | 71-79 | DOI: 10.24425/aoa.2023.144262
Keywords multilayered structure Debye’s series resonance formalism ultrasonic NDT
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Abstract

To calculate the transmission coefficient of ultrasonic waves through a multi-layered medium, a new approach is proposed by expanding it into Debye’s series. Using this formalism, the transmission coefficient can be put in the form of resonance terms series. From this point of view, the relative amplitude of the transmitted wave can be considered as an infinite summation of terms taking into account all possible reflections and refractions on each interface. Our model is then used to investigate interaction between the ultrasonic plane wave and the N-plane-layer structure.
Obviously, the resulting infinite summation has to be reduced to a finite one, according to some level of accuracy. The numerical estimation of the transmission coefficient using the exact expression (Eq. (1)) is then compared to the one of our method in the case of two or three plane-layer structure. The effect of the order of the finite summation on the calculated value of the transmission coefficient is, as well, studied. Finally, our proposed method may be used, with the decomposition into Gaussian beams of a pressure field created by a circular source, to draw a 3D image of the pressure field transmitted through a multilayered structure.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ahmed Chitnalah
1
Noureddine Aouzale
1
Hicham Jakjoud
2
  1. Electrical Systems Energetic Efficiency and Telecommunications Laboratory, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
  2. Energy Engineering Materials and Systems Laboratory, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco

Changes in Magnetic Susceptibility of Forest Soils along the West and South Border of Poland

Zygmunt Strzyszcz Marzena Rachwał
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2008 | vol. 34 | No.1 | 71-79
Keywords magnetic susceptibility dust fall Heavy metal content forest soils boundary area
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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to estimate the magnetic susceptibility of the boundary area ofwestern and southern Poland. The investigation was carried out in woodlands of chosen forest districts. Samples were collected selectively from the occurring genetic horizons ofpit soils. The low-field magnetic susceptibility was obtained in the laboratory using the MS2B Bartington apparatus. Heavy metal content (Fe, Zn, Pb and Cu) was analyzed using AAS method, after the mineralization in the 70% HClO4 + HNO3 solution. The magnetic susceptibility results arc very diverse and above 80% of them exceed 50· l0·-8 m3/kg, that is, a border value suggesting an occurrence ofa magnetic anomaly. Heavy metal content varies in a wide range and the highest values are observed in mountainous areas, where the impact of geological structure is visible. Obviously, the input of dust emissions is significant, what is confirmed by well and positive values of correlation coefficients between magnetic susceptibility and heavy metal content (especially lead) in the area of cluster III.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zygmunt Strzyszcz
Marzena Rachwał

Determination of Inorganic Antimony Species by Hyphenated Technique High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Detection

Lidia Kozak Przemysław Niedzielski
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2008 | vol. 34 | No 4 | 71-79
Keywords speciation antimony water hyphenated techniques
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Authors and Affiliations

Lidia Kozak
Przemysław Niedzielski

Detector diode circuit noise measurement and power supply method selection for the fiber optic seismograph

Sławomir Niespodziany Anna T. Kurzych Michał Dudek
Opto-Electronics Review | 2021 | 29 | 2 | 71-79 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2021.135830
Keywords fiber optic sensor fibre optics rotational seismograph closed-loop detector diode avalanche photodiode noise spectral density
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Abstract

This paper investigates the noise levels present at various points in the FOSREM type fiber optic seismograph. The main aim of this research was to discover magnitudes of noise, introduced by various components of the analog and optical circuits of the device. First, the noise present in the electronic circuit without any optics connected is measured. Further experiments show noise levels including the detector diode not illuminated and illuminated. Additional tests were carried out to prove the necessity of analog circuitry shielding. All measurements were repeated using three powering scenarios which investigated the influence of power supply selection on noise. The results show that the electronic components provide a sufficient margin for the use of an even more precise detector diode. The total noise density of the whole device is lower than 4⋅10−7 rad/(s√Hz). The use of a dedicated Insulating Power Converter as a power supply shows possible advantages, but further experiments should be conducted to provide explicit thermic confirmation of these gains.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Sławomir Niespodziany
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anna T. Kurzych
2
ORCID: ORCID
Michał Dudek
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Institute of Heat Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 21/25 Nowowiejska St., Warsaw 00-665, Poland
  2. Institute of Technical Physics, Military University of Technology, 2 gen. S. Kaliskiego St., Warsaw 00-908, Poland

Possibilities of using open chest cardiac massage in sudden, non-traumatic cardiac arrest

Jan Szpor Barbara Uchańska Janusz Andres
Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2021 | Vol. 61 | No 4 | 71-79 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.140005
Keywords Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) Cardiopulmonary Ressuscitation (CPR) Oppen Chest Cardiac Massage (OCCM) European Resuscitation Council (ERC)
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Abstract

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is one of the most studied procedures in medicine. Over the years, despite numerous scientific studies, changes in guidelines, refining algorithms, expanding the availability of resuscitation equipment and educating the public, it has not been possible to improve the results of treatment of patients after cardiac arrest. Only 10% of them survive until hospital discharge. There is a well-tested medical procedure, wide application of which could improve results of resuscitation. This procedure is open chest cardiac massage (OCCM).
OCCM is not a new technique, its use dates back to the nineteenth century, now it is reserved for patients sustaining trauma and those after surgical procedures. A number of experimental and clinical studies have proven its advantage over the currently preferred indirect massage (CCCM) also in the group of non- traumatic patients. Of course, OCCM is an invasive method with a number of possible complications accompanying surgical procedures, and its wide implementation would require a long-term training program, but it seems that it could be an impulse that would significantly improve survival in this group of patients.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Szpor
1
Barbara Uchańska
1
Janusz Andres
1
  1. Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Evaluation of the Effect of a Step Change in Piezo Actuator Structure on Vibration Reduction Level in Plates

Jerzy Wiciak Roman Trojanowski
Archives of Acoustics | 2015 | vol. 40 | No 1 | 71-79 | DOI: 10.1515/aoa-2015-0009
Keywords vibration reduction two-part elements different material composition
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Abstract

This paper presents numerical analyses and a physical experiment on efficiency of different shapes and material composition of piezo actuators on vibration reduction. For this purpose numerical models of a plate clamped on all sides with piezo actuators attached were developed. The elements used were either standard homogeneous elements or the proposed two-part elements with different material composition for inner and outer part of piezo ceramic. Numerical analyses were performed using ANSYS software
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Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Wiciak
Roman Trojanowski

The Phytoremediation of Soils Contaminated with Heavy Metals Using Sequential Extraction Method

Barbara Gworek Krystyna Jeske Joanna Kwapisz
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2003 | vol. 29 | No 4 | 71-79
Keywords phytoremediation contaminated soils heavy metals sequential extraction
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Abstract

The phytoremediation effectiveness of heavy metals contaminated soils in the area of Upper Silesia was assessed on the basis of its real quantity in biomass harvest per 1 ha. The content of each heavy metal was compared with its quantity in the fraction of mobile and total value in horizon till 20 cm depth. The content of Zn uptake in carrot or parsley harvest (leaves and root) did not exceed 2.5% of its quantity in mobile fraction and 0.05% of its total content. The Cd and Pb values amount: 2.41%, 0.1% and 1.47%, 0.01 6%, respectively.
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Authors and Affiliations

Barbara Gworek
Krystyna Jeske
Joanna Kwapisz

Balancing reactive compensation at three-phase four-wire systems with a sinusoidal and asymmetrical voltage source

Z. Sołjan G. Hołdyński M. Zajkowski
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2020 | 68 | No. 1 | 71-79 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2020.131831
Keywords Currents’ Physical Components (CPC) power theory asymmetrical voltage supply balancing reactive compensation
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Abstract

The article presents the essentials of reactance compensation of unbalanced loads in three-phase four-wire systems powered by a sinusoidal and asymmetrical voltage source. The whole of compensation and symmetrization is based on the Currents’ Physical Components (CPC) theory. Reactance compensation, i.e. compensation based solely on inductors and capacitors, in four-wire systems requires the device to be included in a star (Y) structure in order to compensate for the reactive current (reactive power) and the current at the neutral conductor caused by zero sequence asymmetry, and for the device in a delta (∆) structure to allow compensation of the reactive current (reactive power) and current, causing asymmetry of the negative sequence.

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Authors and Affiliations

Z. Sołjan
G. Hołdyński
M. Zajkowski

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