Radiation of sound waves from a semi-infinite cylindrical duct with perforated end whose outer wall is coated with acoustically absorbent material is investigated by using the Wiener-Hopf technique in conjunction with the mode matching technique. A semi-infinite duct with a perforated screen can be used as a model for many engineering applications, such as noise reduction in exhausts of automobile engines, in modern aircraft jet, and turbofan engines. In particular, we aim to find the effects of outer lining and perforated end to sound pressure level for the underlying problem by using the standard Wiener-Hopf and mode matching techniques. We also present some numerical illustrations by determining the sound pressure level for different parameters such as soft and rigid outer surface, with and without perforated end, etc. Such investigations are useful in the reduction of noise effects generated through variety of sources.

The total numbers and biomass of bacterioplankton in two Arctic glacial fjords off west Spitsbergen were studied. Samples were collected from different water depth layers – from the surface to 80–90 m depth. Total bacterial number (TBN), biomass and morphological structure (shape of bacteria) were determined using the acridine orange direct count method. The highest values of TBN and biomass in the water column were found in Kongsfjorden in the stations adjacent to Kongsbreen Glacier, and the lowest values in the outer part of the Krossfjorden. The local maxima of bacterioplankton were observed in water layers around pycnocline. The morphological structure was similar in all samples – the bacteria were dominated by rods (over 65%), followed by cocci (16–20%) and vibrios (11–15%).

A temperature dependent model is necessary for the generation of hysteresis loops of ferromagnetic materials. In this study, a physical model based on the Jiles-Atherton model has been developed to study the effect of temperature on the magnetic hysteresis loop. The thermal effects were included through a model of behavior depending on the temperature parameters Ms and k of the Jiles-Atherton model. The temperaturedependent Jiles-Atherton model was validated through measurements made on ferrite material (3F3). The results have been found to be in good agreement with the model.

The designing process of high resolution time interval measurement systems creates many problems that need to be eliminated. The problems are: the latch error, the nonlinearity conversion, the different duty cycle coefficient of the clock signal, and the clock signal jitter. Factors listed above affect the result of measurement. The FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) structure also imposes some restrictions, especially when a tapped delay line is constructed. The article describes the high resolution time-to-digital converter, implemented in a FPGA structure, and the types of errors that appear there. The method of minimization and processing of data to reduce the influence of errors on the measurement is also described.

The article opens a series of etymological research deal with selected lexical units with not clear etymology in the Polish language. Two lexemes - berek and zbereźnik are analysed in this paper. The first of them could be borrowed from Hebrew or may have an etymological connection with the verb brać. The second one, due to the phonetic feature (pleophony -ere-), probably comes from the Ukrainian language (cf. in Hutsul culture beréza means a main figure among carollers; the staroste (master of ceremonies) at the wedding’).