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Evaluation of ecological and economic efficiency of investment in water management and land reclamation projects

Pyotr Kovalenko Anatoliy Rokochinskiy Pavlo Volk Vasyl Turcheniuk Nadia Frolenkova Ruslan Tykhenko
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2021 | No 48 | 81-87 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2021.136149
Keywords ecological and economic efficiency evaluation investments land reclamation risks scientific and methodological principles water management weather and climatic conditions
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Abstract

The article is devoted to the actual scientific and practical problem of improving methodological and methodical ap-proaches to the evaluation of design solutions in the water management and land reclamation industry based on the ecolog-ical and economic principles in conditions of uncertainty. The current stage of the development of the water management sector in Ukraine is characterized by a combination of past negligence and the present energy, food and water crises, as well as global climate change. To solve these problems, it is necessary to reform organizational-economic relations in the industry, including new sources and forms of financing for water management and land reclamation projects, introduction of new environmentally advanced technologies, and the im-provement of the existing ecological and economic evaluation of investments. Based on scientific and methodological recommendations used for evaluating the effectiveness of investment in vari-ous spheres of economic activity, the authors developed and implemented an improved methodology for the evaluation of water management and land reclamation projects. It is based on methodological approaches that cover such elements as the variety of options, changes in the value of money over time, specific project implementation environment, including the impact of weather, climate and environmental factors on project performance, multilevel and gradual evaluation of a pro-ject against specific criteria and according to stages of the project cycle. The method was tested during the reconstruction of a rice irrigation system in the steppe zone of about 3000 ha in Ukraine. Economic results, namely the deterministic payback period and investment return index confirm that the proposed mechanism, unlike the traditional one, increases the economic and environmental feasibility of water management and land reclamation projects. Therefore, it stimulates investment in the land reclamation sector.
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Authors and Affiliations

Pyotr Kovalenko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anatoliy Rokochinskiy
2
ORCID: ORCID
Pavlo Volk
2
ORCID: ORCID
Vasyl Turcheniuk
2
ORCID: ORCID
Nadia Frolenkova
2
ORCID: ORCID
Ruslan Tykhenko
3
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation of NAAS of Ukraine, Chapaeva Str., 14, fl. 6, 01030, Kyiv, Ukraine
  2. National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Rivne, Ukraine
  3. National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

Steven Pinker’s meliorism

Paweł Dziedziul
Filozofia i Nauka | 2020 | Tom 8 | Część 2 | 81-87
Keywords meliorism pejorism optimism progressivism
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Abstract

This article considers Steven Pinker’s recent outlook presented in his book Enlightenment Now. The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism and Progress. The paper discusses not only current political and philosophical Pinker’s views on a considerable number of evidences in favor of mankind’s progress in the last period. The authors claims that Pinker’s views may serve as an antidote to the contemporary pessimism that is being spread inter alia by mass media. The reader is pulled into a debate regarding issues surrounding the contemporary state of being of the human race. This is something more than just pop-scientific excursion of a well-established specialist beyond his area of expertise, but a valuable aggregate of data enticing also to professionals from the realm of sociology, philosophy and politics. Above all Pinker’s voice should be regarded as a counterbalance to all-pervasive pejorism and however momentary relief.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Dziedziul

An Investigation on Acoustic Wave Focalization by a Square Lattice Flat Lens

Serkan Alagoz
Archives of Acoustics | 2012 | vol. 37 | No 1 | 81-87 | DOI: 10.2478/v10168-012-0011-x
Keywords square lattice sonic crystal wave focusing plane-wave expansion method FDTD simulation
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Abstract

A sonic crystal consists of a finite-size periodic array of scatters embedded in a background material. One of the fascinating properties of sonic crystals is the focusing phenomenon. In this study, the near field focusing effect of a solid-air 2D sonic crystal lens with a square lattice configuration is investigated in the second frequency band. The band structure and equifrequency contour of the crystal are analyzed to reveal the dispersion of an acoustic wave on the crystal structure. The frequency dependence of the acoustic wave focalization by the sonic crystal flat lens is demonstrated via Finite Difference Time Domain simulation results and experimental measurements.

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Authors and Affiliations

Serkan Alagoz

The Assessment of Jerusalem Artichoke Usability For Phytoremediation of Soils Contaminated with Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, and Zn

Jacek Antonkiewicz Czesława Jasiewicz
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2003 | vol. 29 | No 4 | 81-87
Keywords Jerusalem artichoke phytoremediation heavy metals soil
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Abstract

A significant effect of soil pollution levels on yielding of Jerusalem artichoke was determined. Depending on the treatment, the decrease in the yield ranged between 6.62% and 88.74% in comparison with the control. High soil concentrations of Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu and Zn are confirmed by their contents in the test plant. The contents in Jerusalem was increasing with the level of soil pollution with heavy metals and ranged between 0.65-29.69 mg Cd; 1.40-7.32 mg Pb; 1.76-57.61 mg Ni; 1.65-9.23 mg Cu; 25.04-691.35 mg Zn/kg soil d.m. The smallest diversification of the studied metals contents was registered for lead and copper. A comparison of heavy metal per cent utilisation by Jerusalem reveals that it is possible to arrange the elements in the following order beginning from the highest values: Cd, Zn, Ni, Cu and Pb. The order shows that Jerusalem utilised Cd to the greatest extent and Pb to the smallest. The obtained results allow for a conclusion that Jerusalem artichoke could be utilised for reclamation of soils contaminated with heavy metals.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jacek Antonkiewicz
Czesława Jasiewicz

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