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Abstract

The paper presents the results of research on GX120Mn13 modification performed with the SiZr38 inoculant. The microstructure of Hadfield cast steel in as-cast condition was studied through optical microscopy before and after inoculant introduction into the liquid steel. After heat treatment, mechanical properties and wear resistance tests were conducted to analyse the influence of the inoculant. The wear rate was determined according to the Standard Test Method for Determination of Slurry Abrasivity (ASTM G-75). The results show that average grain diameter, area of eqiuaxed grains crystallization and secondary dendrite arm spacing were lower after inoculation. After inoculation, the ultimate tensile strength and proof strength were higher by 8% and 4% respectively, in comparison to the initial state. The results of abrasion wear tests show that the introduction of 0.02 wt. % of zirconium significantly improved wear resistance, which was 34% better in comparison to steel without zirconium.
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Bibliography

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[2] Chen, C., Lv, B., Feng, X., Zhang, F. & Beladi, H. (2018). Strain hardening and nanocrystallization behaviors in Hadfield steel subjected to surface severe plastic deformation. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 729, 178-184. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2018.05.059.
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Authors and Affiliations

S. Sobula
1
ORCID: ORCID
S. Kraiński
2

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
  2. PGO S.A. Pioma Odlewnia, Oddział w Piotrkowie Trybunalskim, ul. Romana Dmowskiego 38, 97-300 Piotrków Trybunalski, Poland
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Abstract

Fruit flies belonging to the Bactrocera dorsalis species complex pose a significant threat to mangoes and other crops in the Philippines and worldwide. Identifying cryptic species within this complex is challenging, particularly when relying solely on morphological analysis. In this study, we sequenced two fragments of the nuclear 18S and ITS2-28S rRNA genes from specimens of Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel collected in the Philippines to assess their applicability for species diagnostics. Subsequent sequencing and analysis revealed that the 18S and 28S rRNA gene fragments matched B. dorsalis sequences in NCBI but also displayed high similarity with other Bactrocera and insect species. On the other hand, sequences of the ITS2 segment showed hits specific to B. dorsalis. Further analysis of the 18S rRNA gene in fruit flies collected from various sources and host plants in the country suggests conserved sequences among Bactrocera samples, irrespective of collection site and host plant species. In conclusion, our findings suggest that, among the tested nuclear DNA fragments, only the ITS2 demonstrates sufficient species-level nucleotide variation for effective use as a molecular diagnostic marker for B. dorsalis identification.
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Authors and Affiliations

Cris Q. Cortaga
1
ORCID: ORCID
Maria Luz J. Sison
1

  1. Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 4031 College, Laguna, Philippines

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