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Can job control be counterproductive? The moderation effect of the Dark Triad and job control on job stressor – counterproductive work behavior link

Łukasz Baka
Polish Psychological Bulletin | 2019 | vol. 50 | No 2 | 83-92 | DOI: 10.24425/ppb.2019.126022
Keywords job control Dark Triad CWB stressor-emotion model bullying at workplace
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Abstract

Drawing on the stressor–emotion model, the study examines the mechanisms of counterproductive work behavior (CWB) development: specifically (1) the direct effect of job stressor (bullying at work); (2) the moderation effect of the Dark Triad (DT) and job control (JC); and (3) the moderated moderation effect (DT x JC) on the job stressor–CWB link. Data were collected among 763 white- and blue-collar workers. The hypotheses were tested by means of the PROCESS method. As expected in the hypotheses, high job stressor was directly related to high CWB, and DT moderated (increased) the link. JC also moderated the job stressor–CWB link, but the moderation effect was in a direction opposite to expectations. High job control participants were more likely to report CWB when they reported a high level of the stressors. The moderated moderation effect was supported. JC increases the moderation effect of DT on the job stressor–CWB link. The highest level of CWB was observed when DT and JC were high. The findings provide further insight into processes leading to the development of CWB.

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Authors and Affiliations

Łukasz Baka

The optimisation model for groundwater management in the unconfined aquifer using the Shuffled Complex Evolution algorithm

Sulianto Sunarto Sunarto Samin Samin Lourina E. Orfa Azhar Adi Darmawan
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2023 | No 59 | 83-92 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2023.147232
Keywords groundwater optimisation model shuffled complex evolution unconfined aquifer
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Abstract

Groundwater exploitation that exceeds its recharge capacity can have a negative impact on the hydrogeological environment. Optimal exploitation means maximising pumping discharge with the least reduction in the hydraulic head. In groundwater exploitation, the position of wells, number of wells, and the discharge of groundwater pumping greatly determine changes in hydraulic head and groundwater flow patterns in a given hydrological area. This article proposes an optimisation model which is expected to be useful for finding the optimal pumping discharge value from production wells in a hydrological area. This model is a combination of solving the Laplace equation for two-dimensional groundwater flow in unconfined aquifers and the optimum variable search method based on the Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE- UA) algorithm. Laplace equation uses the finite difference method for the central difference rule of the Crank Nicolson scheme. The system of equations has been solved using the M-FILE code from MATLAB. This article is a preliminary study which aims to examine the stability level of the optimisation equation system. Testing using a hypothetical data set shows that the model can work effectively, accurately, and consistently in solving the case of maximising pumping discharge from production wells in a hydrological area with a certain hydraulic head limitation. Consequently, the system of equations can also be applied to the case of confined aquifers.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sulianto
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sunarto Sunarto
1
ORCID: ORCID
Samin Samin
1
ORCID: ORCID
Lourina E. Orfa
1
ORCID: ORCID
Azhar Adi Darmawan
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Department of Civil Engineering, Jl. Raya Tlogomas No. 246, 65114, Malang, Indonesia

The effect of training on infrared thermographic images of the forelimb and hindlimb joints of healthy racehorses

M. Soroko W. Górniak M. Godlewska K. Howell
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 1 | 83-92 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.140844
Keywords thermography horses surface temperature exercises limbs
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of training on body surface temperature over the joints in racehorses, measured by infrared thermography. The study involved monitoring of 14 Thoroughbred racehorses in 6 imaging sessions over a period of 3 months. Temperature measurements of the forelimb and hindlimb joints were made before and just after training. Joint temperature of limbs increased significantly after training. Environmental temperature had a statistically significant influence on surface temperature over the joints. The lowest surface temperatures were recorded over the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joint and the highest temperatures in the shoulder, elbow, hip and stifle joint. The metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints warmed the least during training, but were influenced the most by differences in environmental temperature. The surface temperature difference before and after training is an important indicator of the thermoregulatory response to exercise in racing horses. Understanding surface temperature changes in response to regular training is necessary for future studies on diagnosing injuries of joints.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Soroko
1
W. Górniak
2
M. Godlewska
1
K. Howell
3
  1. Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38C, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
  2. Department of Automotive Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Na Grobli 13, 50-421 Wroclaw, Poland
  3. Microvascular Diagnostics, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK

Name-creation in Chinese

Irena Kałużyńska
Onomastica | 2020 | No 64 | 83-92
Keywords Chinese onyms Chinese name-creation strategies methods of creating Chinese names Chinese personal names Chinese place names
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Abstract

There are many ways of choosing or creating a name, the ways of which vary from culture to culture, and from language to language. Chinese onyms are usually constructed of one or more elements, being mostly lexical items (morphemes or words), and retaining in most cases their own lexical meaning in a name, therefore they are usually semantically transparent. However, the “true” significance of some names is sometimes very difficult to discover, and the conclusion is often based upon guesswork. What is evident, Chinese onyms are not random combinations; they usually have a certain underlying significance, reflecting the reason or reasons why particular lexical items are used in the naming process. Chinese researchers usually do not mention “the meaning” of names as a criterion for their semantic divisions. Their classifications are mainly based upon the variously termed “reasons”, “methods”, “motivations”, or “sources of naming”. Therefore, this paper deals with some selected, typical and untypical, “methods” of creating Chinese names, especially given names and place names.

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Authors and Affiliations

Irena Kałużyńska

Application of the method of data reconciliation for minimizing uncertainty of the weight function in the multicriteria optimization model

Barbara Mendecka Joachim Kozioł
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2015 | No 1 March | 83-92 | DOI: 10.1515/aoter-2015-0006
Keywords multicriteria optimization weight uncertainty photovoltaics
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Abstract

The multicriteria decision process consists of five main steps: definition of the optimisation problem, determination of the weight structure of the decision criteria, design of the evaluation matrix, selection of the optimal evaluation method and ranking of solutions. It is often difficult to obtain the optimal solution to a multicriterion problem. The main reason is the subjective element of the model – the weight functions of the decision criteria. Expert opinions are usually taken into account in their determination. The aim of this article is to present a novel method of minimizing the uncertainty of the weights of the decision criteria using Monte Carlo simulation and method of data reconciliation. The proposed method is illustrated by the example of multicriterion social effectiveness evaluation for electric power supply to a building using renewable energy sources.
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Authors and Affiliations

Barbara Mendecka
Joachim Kozioł

Power Amplification and Selectivity in the Cochlear Amplifier

Piotr Kiełczyński
Archives of Acoustics | 2013 | vol. 38 | No 1 | 83-92 | DOI: 10.2478/aoa-2013-0010
Keywords piezoelectricity parametric amplification mechanism of hearing electroacoustic transducers
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Abstract

This paper presents a new model that describes the physical phenomena occurring in an individual Outer Hair Cell (OHC) in the human hearing organ (Cochlea). The new model employs the concept of parametric amplification and piezoelectricity. As a consequence, the proposed model may explain in a natural way many as yet unresolved problems about the mechanisms of: 1) power amplification, 2) non- linearity, 3) fine tuning, or 4) high sensitivity that take place in the human hearing organ. Mathematical analysis of the model is performed. The equivalent electrical circuits of an individual OHC are established. The high selectivity of the OHC parametric amplifier is analyzed by solving the resulting Mathieu and Ince differential equations. An analytical formula for the power gain in the OHC’s parametric amplifier has been developed. The proposed model has direct physical interpretation and all its elements have their physical counterparts in the actual structure of the cochlea. The numerical values of the individual elements of the electrical equivalent circuits are consistent with the experimental physiological data. It is anticipated that the proposed new model may contribute in future improvements of human cochlear implants as well as in development of new digital audio standards.
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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Kiełczyński

Changes in the number of weed seeds in soil under different tillage systems of winter wheat

Wiesław Wojciechowski Józef Sowiński
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2005 | vol. 45 | No 2 | 83-92
Keywords winter wheat monoculture crop rotation weed seedbank direct drilling conventional tillage weed diaspore
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Abstract

The aim of performed research was to evaluate weed seedbank in soil under the influence of four different winter wheat tillage systems. Winter wheat was grown in the following cultivation systems: A – monoculture with direct drilling into white clover mulch; B – monoculture with direct drilling into wheat stubble; C – monoculture with conventional tillage; D – crop rotation with conventional tillage. It was shown that pre-sowing wheat tillage had a more considerable effect on weed species and weed seedbank in soil than type of crop rotation. The least seedbank was observed when plough system was replaced by direct drilling. In the soil layer of 0–20 cm, under wheat no-plough tillage, 20.3% less weed diaspores wasfound compared to monoculture with plough tillage and by 40.1% lessthan in crop rotation. The plough tillage increased amount of weed diaspores in the whole plough layer, while direct drilling increased it only in 0–1 cm of soil layer. After direct drilling of wheat into stubble (B) the number of weed diaspores in 1 dcm3 of soil in 0–1 cm layer was over twofold higher than in direct sowing in mulch (A), and threefold higher than in crop rotation (D) and almost six times higher than in wheat monoculture with conventional tillage (C). Dominating weed species in the soil over the types of wheat cultivation systems were: Chenopodium album L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Apera spica-venti L., Lamium purpureum L., and Viola arvensis Murr.

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Authors and Affiliations

Wiesław Wojciechowski
Józef Sowiński

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