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The correct length of a sight line for determination of a refraction factor from synchronie and bi-directional observations

Aleksander Skórczyński
Geodesy and Cartography | 2001 | vol. 50 | No 2 | 91-98
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Abstract

The paper presents discusses a formula for the mean error m, of the refraction factor, determined basing on synchronie and bi-directional observations of vertical angles, performed for a section of trigonometric levelling. It turns out from analysis of the formula that the mean error of this factor is mostly influenced by mean errors of vertical angles and heights of distance meters and prisms over survey points. The error of a distance may be neglected; this leads to the simple working formula.
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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksander Skórczyński

Measuring Human Relationships With Nature. Polish Adaptation of the Multidimensional AIMES Connection to Nature Scale

Janusz Surzykiewicz Sebastian Binyamin Skalski-Bednarz Loren L Toussaint Łukasz Kwadrans Anna Kwiatkowska Karol Konaszewski
Polish Psychological Bulletin | 2023 | vol. 54 | No 2 | 91-98 | DOI: 10.24425/ppb.2023.146403
Keywords AIMES scale connection to nature nature and silence pro-environmental attitude
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Abstract

‘Return to nature’ has become a buzzword in both scientific and public discourse. The growing interest in this phenomenon calls for the development of reliable tools for scientific research, for example the adaptation of various connectivity to nature (CN) scales developed by researchers from other cultural circles and other countries. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Polish version of the AIMES scale for multidimensional assessment of CN as conceptualized by Ives et al. (2018). Validation studies were conducted using a survey administered on Prolific, an online platform, with a sample of 516 Poles (56% of them women) aged 18-66. The Polish version of AIMES showed high internal consistency (α = .92). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the scale structure consists of a unified second-order factor with five first-order factors: attachment, identity, materialism, experiential, and spiritual. Relevance analysis showed significant positive associations of CN with perception of nature and silence, pro- environmental attitude and behaviour, psychological well-being, gratitude/awe, forgiveness, spirituality, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness, and a marginal positive association with openness to experience. The results strengthen the psychometric qualities of the AIMES scale, indicating its applicability to the study of CN in Polish contexts.
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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Surzykiewicz
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Sebastian Binyamin Skalski-Bednarz
1 3
ORCID: ORCID
Loren L Toussaint
4
ORCID: ORCID
Łukasz Kwadrans
5
ORCID: ORCID
Anna Kwiatkowska
6
ORCID: ORCID
Karol Konaszewski
7
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany
  2. Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  3. University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  4. Luther College, Department of Psychology, Decorah, IA, USA
  5. University of Silesia in Katowice, Institute of Pedagogy, Katowice, Poland
  6. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Psychology, Warsaw, Poland
  7. University of Białystok, Faculty of Education, Białystok, Poland

The effect of luteolin on spermatological parameters, apoptosis, oxidative stress rate in freezing rabbit semen

S.A. Akarsu T.C. Acısu İ.H. Güngör A. Çakır Cihangiroğlu R.H. Koca G. Türk M. Sönmez S. Gür F. Fırat H.E. Esmer Duruel
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2023 | vol. 26 | No 1 | 91-98 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145010
Keywords rabbit semen cryopreservation luteolin oxidative stress apoptosis
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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of Luteolin (LUT) on semen quality, oxidative stress, apoptosis, acrosomal integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential and dead sperm ratio in rabbits. Ejaculates from six New Zealand rabbits were collected, evaluated and pooled. The pooling was divided into five groups as control (no additive) LUT 25 μM, LUT 50 μM, LUT 100 μM and LUT 200 μM and LUT added. It was then filled into a falcon tube with Tris-based extender at a final concentration of approximately 35 x 106 spermatozoa. Diluated rabbit semen samples were drawn into frozen and thawed. Frozen semen straws were thawed at 37°C in 30 seconds. According to our findings, no statistical difference was found between all doses of luteolin and the control group in the CASA (computer assisted sperm analysis) analysis performed at 4°C. However, total motility, progressive motility and rapid sperm percentage were found to be higher in the frozen and thawed rabbit semen at a dose of LUT 50 μM compared to the other groups (p<0.05). While amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) and beat cross-frequency (BCF) values were found at the lowest dose of LUT 200 μM, a statistically significant difference was observed between the other groups. When the flow cytometry results were examined, no statistical difference was found between the rate of dead sperm, acrosomal integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis rate. Morever, the H2O2 percentage was found to be lower in all experimental groups compared to the control group (p<0.001). In conclusion, the addition of LUT in long-term storage of rabbit semen provided a protective effect for spermatozoa with its antioxidative properties against damage caused by cryopreservation.
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Authors and Affiliations

S.A. Akarsu
1
T.C. Acısu
2
İ.H. Güngör
2
A. Çakır Cihangiroğlu
2
R.H. Koca
3
G. Türk
2
M. Sönmez
2
S. Gür
2
F. Fırat
2
H.E. Esmer Duruel
4
  1. Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Yakutiye /Erzurum, Turkey
  2. Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23200, Elazığ, Turkey
  3. Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingöl University, Selahaddin-i Eyyübi Neighbourhood, University Street No: 1, 12000, Bingöl, Turkey
  4. Elbistan Vocational School, Kahramanmaraş İstiklal University, Şehit Astsubay Ömer Halisdemir Street No:5, Doğan Neighbourhooh,46340, Elbistan, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey

Polish Antarctic Bibliography: Botany (1972-1993)

Maria Olech Ryszard Ligowski
Polish Polar Research | 1993 | vol. 14 | No 1 | 91-98
Keywords botany oceanobiology terrestrial botany Antarctic
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Abstract

The list contains original papers by Polish authors or co-authors concerning Antarctic or sub-Antarctic plants. The list is supplemented by papers on bacteria and those on general indicators of the amount of plants (chlorophyll content and primary productivity). Antarctic investigations of Polish botanists were carried out mainly during the expeditions to Polish Antarctic Station "H. Arctowski" (King George Island, South Shetlands; 62° 09'S, 58° 28'W) founded 1977 as well as during Polish oceanic expeditions of the BIOMASS project (1981, 1983-1984, 1986-1987) and studies of the ice-edge zone (1988-1989) carried out in the Atlantic sector of Southern Ocean on board of the r/v "Profesor Siedlecki". All these expeditions were organized by the Department of Polar Research, Institute of Ecology, Polish Academy of Sciences headed by Prof. Dr. S. Rakusa-Suszczewski.

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Authors and Affiliations

Maria Olech
Ryszard Ligowski

Characteristics and metal leachability of natural contaminated soil under acid rain scenarios

Wenfa Tan Yuan Li Lei Ding Yachao Wang Jiangxiang Li Qinwen Deng Feng Guo Xue Xiao
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2019 | vol. 45 | No 2 | 91-98 | DOI: 10.24425/aep.2019.126698
Keywords heavy metal soil pollution fraction analysis soil leaching
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Abstract

Contamination of soil with heavy metals has become a worldwide environmental problem, and receives great attention. In this study, we aim to investigate soil pollution level affected by an industrial district nearby. The total amount of typical heavy metals in the soils (Hengyang Songmu Industrial Park, Hunan Province, China) was analyzed. In addition, the fraction analysis and laboratory simulation leaching via different pH rainwater was carried out to study the migration and transformation of heavy metals. The main results show that the contents of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Cd in the samples were higher than the soil background values in Hunan Province. The heavy metals forms, analyzed by sequential extraction method, show that the proportion of the unstable form of Cd, Zn and Pb was more than 50%. Igeo values indicate that the heavy metal pollution degree of soil sample #5 at the investigated area is recorded in the order of Cd(6.42), Zn(2.28), Cu(1.82), Pb(1.63), and Cr(0.37). Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Cd in this area could pose a potential leaching risk to the environment which may affect the food chain and constitute a threat to human health. It would be necessary to take steps to stabilize and monitor the heavy metals in soil.

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Authors and Affiliations

Wenfa Tan
Yuan Li
Lei Ding
Yachao Wang
Jiangxiang Li
Qinwen Deng
Feng Guo
Xue Xiao

Some problems of micro air vehicles development

C. Galiński R. Żbikowski
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2007 | vol. 55 | No 1 | 91-98
Keywords micro air vehicles fixed-wing rotary wing ornithopter entomopter
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Abstract

This paper is an overview of the application potential and design challenges of micro air vehicles (MAVs), defined as small enough to be practical for a single-person transport and use. Four types of MAVs are considered: 1) fixed-wing, 2) rotarywing, 3) ornithopters (bird-like flapping) and 4) entomopters (insect-like flapping). In particular, advantages of a propeller-driven delta wing configuration for type 1 are discussed. Some detail is also given for type 4, the least understood of the four, including a new concept of manoeuvre control for such MAVs. The paper concludes with a brief prognostic of the future of each MAV type.

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Authors and Affiliations

C. Galiński
R. Żbikowski

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