On the basis of the obtained expeditionary data, the authors performed a comprehensive analysis of the ecosystems’ modern transformation in the studied area. In the course of the analysis, the authors found that at the present stage there have been quantitative changes (depletion of natural resources) in used landscapes, along with them, there are changes in qualitative characteristics (accumulation of resources). Now, against the background of vegetation and soil degradation, ways of their restoration are observed. New combinations of degraded and self-recovering ecosystems have emerged. Based on the analysis of the current state of different ecological systems and their relationships, the authors determined the possibilities of the dynamics of their combinations functioning by stages. This will make it possible to give a more reliable forecast of the ongoing processes in the ecosystems of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

This study presents the results of research on the effect of long-term use of phosphorus fertilizers on permanent sugar beet crops for more than 50 years and on the transformation of phosphate forms on light chestnut soil and its yield. Our work aims to establish the main factors of quantitative and qualitative changes in various phosphates in light chestnut soil. Despite the large amount of practical material, the influence duration of phosphorus fertilizer application has not been sufficiently studied on the irrigated soils of Kazakhstan. It should be noted that the current study was carried out in long-term stationary experimental sites for the production of sugar beet with permanent sowing. The introduction of phosphate fertilizers primarily on the permanent crops of sugar beets in the same norms contributes to a more significant increase in gross phosphorus reserves. The soil content of gross phosphorus for 58 years on the control and nitrogen-potassium variants show practically no changes. Furthermore, when phosphorus fertilizers are applied on the variant with the annual application of a single norm of phosphorus and its amount for 58 years (4400 kg∙ha–1 of application doses) its content increased by 2660 mg∙kg–1, and with the introduction of its one and a half norms (6600 kg of application doses) by 2860 mg∙kg–1 of soil.