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Abstract

Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) system requires consideration and ensuring efficient operating conditions for the most loaded parts in the product, not only at the product's design stage, but also at the production stage. Operational properties of the product can be significantly improved if we take into consideration the formation of the functional surfaces wear resistance parameters already at the planning stage of the technological process structure and parameters of the product's machining. The method of constructing predictive models of the influence of the technological process structure on the formation of a complex of product's operational properties is described in the article. The relative index of operational wear resistance of the machined surface, which is characterized by the use of different variants of the structure and parameters of this surface treatment, depends on the microtopographic state of the surface layer and the presence of cutting-induced residual stress. On the example of the eject pin machining it has been shown how the change in the structure of the manufacturing process from grinding to the turning by tool with the tungsten carbide insert affects the predicted wear resistance of the machined functional surface.

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Bibliography

[1] V. Stupnytskyy and I. Hrytsay. Computer-aided conception for planning and researching of the functional-oriented manufacturing process. In: Tonkonogyi V. et al. (eds), Advanced Manufacturing Processes, part of the Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, pages 309–320, Springer, Cham, 2020. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-40724-7_32.
[2] J.P. Davim. Surface Integrity in Machining. Springer, London, 2010. doi: 10.1007/978-1-84882-874-2.
[3] W.E. Eder. Theory of technical systems – educational tool for engineering. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 4(6):1395–1405, 2016. doi: 10.13189/ujer.2016.040617.
[4] R.M. Rangan, S.M. Rohde, R. Peak, B. Chadha, and P. Bliznakov. Streamlining product lifecycle processes: a survey of product lifecycle management implementations, directions, and challenges. Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, 5(3):227–237, 2005. doi: 10.1115/1.2031270.
[5] F. Demoly, O. Dutartre, X.-T. Yan, B. Eynard, D. Kiritsis, and S. Gomes. Product relationships management enabler for concurrent engineering and product lifecycle management. Computers in Industry, 64(7):833–848, 2013. doi: 10.1016/j.compind.2013.05.004.
[6] V. Stupnytskyy. Computer aided machine-building technological process planning by the methods of concurrent engineering. Europaische Fachhochschule: Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift, ORT Publishing, 2:50–53, 2013.
[7] A.I. Dmitriev, A.Yu. Smolin, V.L. Popov, and S.G. Psakhie. A multilevel computer simulation of friction and wear by numerical methods of discrete mechanics and a phenomenological theory. Physical Mesomechanics, 12(1-2):11–19, 2009. doi: 10.1016/j.physme.2009.03.002.
[8] T.R. Thomas. Rough Surfaces, 2nd edition. Imperial College Press, London, 1998. doi: 10.1142/p086.
[9] G. Straffelini. Friction and Wear: Methodologies for Design and Control. Springer, Cham, 2015. doi: 0.1007/978-3-319-05894-8.
[10] H. Aramaki, H.S. Cheng, and Y. Chung. The contact between rough surfaces with longitudinal texture – part I: average contact pressure and real contact area. Journal of Tribology, 115(3):419–424, 1993. doi: 10.1115/1.2921653.
[11] Yu A. Karpenko and A. Akay. A numerical model of friction between rough surfaces. Tribology International. 34:531–545, 2001. doi: 10.1016/S0301-679X(01)00044-5.
[12] N.B. Dyomkin. Calculation and experimental study of rough contact surfaces. In Proceedings of Science Conference ``Contact Problems and Their Engineering Applications'', pages 264–271, Moscow, 1969.
[13] J. Luo, Y. Meng, T. Shao and Q. Zhao, (eds). Advanced Tribology: Proceedings of CIST2008 & ITS-IFToMM-2008. Beijing, China, 2008; Spriner, 2010. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-03653-8.
[14] H. Hirani. Fundamentals of Engineering Tribology with Applications. Cambridge University Press, 2016.
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[16] K.C. Ludema. Friction, Wear, Lubrication. A Textbook in Tribology. CRC Press, 1996.
[17] B.N.J. Persson. Sliding Friction: Physical Principles and Applications. Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.
[18] N.B. Dyomkin. Contacting of Rough Surfces. Moskow: Nauka, 1970. (in Russian).
[19] J.A. Greenwood and G. Williamson. Contact of nominally flat surfaces. In Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 295(1442):300–319, 1966. doi: 10.1098/rspa.1966.0242.
[20] S. Andersson and U. Olofsson. Simulation of plastic deformation and wear of a rough surface rubbing against a smooth wear resistant surface. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Tribology, Bukharest, Romania, 2007.
[21] A. Ishlinsky and F. Chernousko. Advances in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. Moskow: Mir, 1981.
[22] K. Hill. The Matematical Theory of Plasticity. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1998.
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[24] A. Chmiel. Finite element simulation methods for dry sliding wear. M.Sc. Thesis, Air Force Institute of Technology. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ochio, USA, 2008.
[25] M.W. Fu, M.S. Yong, and T. Muramatsu. Die fatigue life design and assessment via CAE simulation. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 35(9–10): 843–851, 2008. doi: 10.1007/s00170-006-0762-5.
[26] I.V. Kragelsky, M.N. Dobychin, and V.S. Kombalov. Friction and Wear: Calculation Methods. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1982.
[27] D.R. Askeland. The Science and Engineering of Materials. 3rd edition.: Springer Science & Business Media, Oxford, 1996. doi: doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8922(06)x8001-x">10.1016/s0167-8922(06)x8001-x.
[29] V. Stupnytskyy. A generalized example of structural and parametric optimization of functionally-oriented process. Bulletin of the National Technical University ``KhPI''. Series: Techniques in a machine industry. 42(1085):116–130, 2014.
[30] Z. Nazarchuk, V. Skalskyi, O. Serhiyenko. Acoustic Emission. Methodology and Application. Springer, Cham, 2017. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-49350-3.
[31] V. Stupnytskyy and I. Hrytsay I. Simulation study of cutting-induced residual stress. In: Ivanov V. et al. (eds), Advances in Design, Simulation and Manufacturing II. DSMIE 2019, part of Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, pages 341–350, 2020. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-22365-6_34.
[32] Y. Kudryavtsev and J. Kleiman. Ultrasonic technique and device for residual stress measurement. In T. Proulx (ed.), Engineering Applications of Residual Stress, volume 8 of Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. Springer, New York, 2011. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0225-1_8.
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Authors and Affiliations

Vadym Stupnytskyy
1
Ihor Hrytsay
1

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Institute of Engineering Mechanics and Transport, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine.
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Abstract

Simulation studies of the hobbing process kinematics can effectively improve the accuracy of the machined gears. The parameters of the cut-off layers constitute the basis for predicting the cutting forces and the workpiece stress-strain state. Usually applied methods for simulation of the hobbing process are based on simplified cutting schemes. Therefore, there are significant differences between the simulated parameters and the real ones. A new method of hobbing process modeling is described in the article. The proposed method is more appropriate, since the algorithm for the momentary transition surfaces formation and computer simulation of the 3D chip cutting sections are based on the results of hobbing cutting processes kinematics and on rheological analysis of the hob cutting process formation. The hobbing process is nonstationary due to the changes in the intensity of plastic strain of the material. The total cutting force is represented as a function of two time-variable parameters, such as the chip’s 3D parameters and the chip thickness ratio depending on the parameters of the machined layer.

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Bibliography

[1] V. Dimitriou and A. Antoniadis. CAD-based simulation of the hobbing process for the manufacturing of spur and helical gears. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 41(3-4):347–357, 2009. doi: 10.1007/s00170-008-1465-x.
[2] V. Dimitriou, N. Vidakis, and A. Antoniadis. Advanced computer aided design simulation of gear hobbing by means of three-dimensional kinematics modeling. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 129(5):911–918, 2007. doi: 10.1115/1.2738947.
[3] K.-D. Bouzakis, S.Kombogiannis, A. Antoniadis, andN.Vidakis. Gear hobbing cutting process simulation and toolwear prediction models. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 124(1):42–51, 2001. doi: 10.1115/1.1430236.
[4] J. Edgar. Hobs and Gear Hobbing: A Treatise on the Design of Hobs and Investigation into the Conditions Met with Gear Hobbing. Forgotten Books, 2015.
[5] N. Sabkhi, C. Pelaingre, C. Barlier, A. Moufki, and M. Nouari. Characterization of the cutting forces generated during the gear hobbing process: Spur gear. Procedia CIRP, 31:411–416, 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2015.03.041.
[6] W. Liu, D. Ren, S.Usui, J.Wadell, and T.D.Marusich. A gear cutting predictive model using the finite element method. Procedia CIRP, 8:51–56, 2013. doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2013.06.064.
[7] N. Tapoglou, T. Belis, Taxiarchis, D. Vakondios, and A. Antoniadis. CAD-based simulation of gear hobbing. In Proceeding of 31st International Symposium on Mechanics and Materials, volume 1, pages 41–57, Agia Marina, Greece. 9-14 May, 2010.
[8] C. Brecher, M. Brumm, and M. Krömer. Design of gear hobbing processes using simulations and empirical data. Procedia CIRP, 33:484-489, 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2015.06.059.
[9] G. Sulzer. Increased performance in gears production by accurate detection of machining kinematics. Ph.D. Thesis, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, 1974 (in German).
[10] P. Gutman. Machining force calculation during hobbing. Ph.D. Thesis, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, 1988 (in German).
[11] X. Dong, C. Liao, Y.C. Shin, and H.H. Zhang. Machinability improvement of gear hobbing via process simulation and tool wear predictions. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 86(9-12):2771–2779, 2016. doi: 10.1007/s00170-016-8400-3.
[12] V. Sinkevicius. Simulation of gear hobbing forces. Kaunas University of Technology Journal: Mechanika, 2(28):58–63, 2001.
[13] I. Hrytsay. Simulation of cross-sections, forces and torques during gear machining by hobs. Mashynoznavstvo, 7:19–23, 1998 (In Ukrainian).
[14] I. Hrytsay andV. Sytnik. Force field of screw-type toothing cutter and its quantitative evaluation. Optimization and Technical Control in Engineering and Instrumentation, 371:3–13, 1999 (In Ukrainian).
[15] V. Stupnytskyy. Features of functionally-oriented engineering technologies in concurrent environment. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 2(9):1181–1186, 2013.
[16] V. Stupnytskyy. Thermodynamic pattern of the workpiece machining by the rheological imitation modelling in deform-3D system. O ptimization and Technical Control in Engineering and Instrumentation, 772:102–114, 2013.
[17] V. Stupnytskyy. Computer aided machine-building technological process planning by the methods of concurrent engineering. Europaische Fachhochschule: Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift, ORT Publishing, 2:50–53, 2013.
[18] N. Sabkhi, A. Moufki, M. Nouari, C. Pelaingre, and C. Barlier. Prediction of the hobbing cutting forces from a thermomechanical modeling of orthogonal cutting operation. J ournal of Manufacturing Processes, 23:1–12, 2016. doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2016.05.002.
[19] F. Klocke. Manufacturing Processes 1: Cutting. Springer, 2011.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ihor Hrytsay
1
Vadym Stupnytskyy
1
Vladyslav Topchii
1

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Institute of Engineering Mechanics and Transport, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine.
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Abstract

Based on comprehensive interrelated mathematical and graphical-analytical models, including 3D cut layers and simulation of contact, strain, force, and thermal processes during gear hobbing friction forces, heat fluxes, and temperature on the teeth of the hob surface are investigated. Various physical phenomena are responsible for their wear: friction on contact surfaces and thermal flow. These factors act independently of each other; therefore, the worn areas are localized in different active parts of the hob. Friction causes abrasive wear and heat fluxes result in heat softening of the tool. Intense heat fluxes due to significant friction, acting on areas of limited area, lead to temperatures exceeding the critical temperature on certain edges of the high-speed cutter. Simulation results enable identification of high-temperature areas on the working surface of cutting edges, where wear is caused by various reasons, and make it possible to select different methods of hardening these surfaces. To create protective coatings with maximum heat resistance, it is advisable to use laser technologies, electro spark alloying, or plasma spraying, and for coatings that provide reduction of friction on the surfaces – formation of diamond-containing layers with minimum adhesion properties and low friction coefficient on the corresponding surfaces.
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Bibliography

1. K.-D. Bouzakis, S. Kombogiannis, A. Antoniadis, and N. Vidakis. Gear hobbing cutting process simulation, and tool wear prediction models. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 124(1):42–51, 2002. doi: 10.1115/1.1430236.
2. V. Dimitriou, N. Vidakis, and A Antoniadis. Advanced computer aided design simulation of gear hobbing by means of three-dimensional kinematics modeling. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 129(5):911–918, 2007. doi: 10.1115/1.2738947.
3. S.P. Radzevich, and M. Storchak. Advances in Gear Theory and Gear Cutting Tool Design. Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 2022.
4. I. Hrytsay, V. Stupnytskyy, and V. Topchii. Improved method of gear hobbing computer aided simulation. Archive of Mechanical Engineering, 66(4):475–494, 2019. doi: 10.24425/ame.2019.131358.
5. S. Stein, M. Lechthaler, S. Krassnitzer, K. Albrecht, A. Schindler, and M. Arndt. Gear hobbing: a contribution to analogy testing, and its wear mechanisms. Procedia CIRP, 1:220–225, 2012. doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2012.04.039.
6. X. Yang and P. Chen. Heat transfer enhancement strategies for eco-friendly dry hobbing considering the heat exchange capacity of chips. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 29, 101716, 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.csite.2021.101716.
7. H. Cao, L. Zhu, X. Li, P. Chen, and Y. Chen. Thermal error compensation of dry hobbing machine tool considering workpiece thermal deformation. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 86:1739–1751, 2016. doi: 10.1007/s00170-015-8314-5.
8. T. Tezel, E.S. Topal, and V. Kovan. Characterising the wear behaviour of DMLS-manufactured gears under certain operating conditions. Wear, 440–441:203106, 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2019.203106.
9. S. Stark, M. Beutner, F. Lorenz, S. Uhlmann, B. Karpuschewski, and T. Halle. Heat flux, and temperature distribution in gear hobbing operations. Procedia CIRP, 8:456–461, 2013. doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2013.06.133.
10. N. Tapoglou, T. Belis, D. Vakondios, and A. Antoniadis. CAD-based simulation of gear hobbing. 31 International Symposium on Mechanics, and Materials, May 9–14, Greece, 2010.
11. K.D. Bouzakis, K. Chatzis, S. Kombogiannis, and O. Friderikos. Effect of chip geometry, and cutting kinematics on the wear of coated PM HSS tools in milling. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference Coatings in Manufacturing Engineering, pages 197–208, 1–3 October, Chalkidiki, Greece. 2008.
12. K.-D. Bouzakis, E. Lili, N. Michailidis, and O. Friderikos. Manufacturing of cylindrical gears by generating cutting processes: A critical synthesis of analysis methods. CIRP Annals, 57(2):676–696, 2008. doi: 10.1016/j.cirp.2008.09.001.
13. B. Karpuschewski, H.J. Knoche, M. Hipke, and M. Beutner. High performance gear hobbing with powder-metallurgical high-speed-steel. Procedia CIRP, 1:196–201, 2012. doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2012.04.034.
14. B. Karpuschewski, M. Beutner, M. Köchig, and C. Härtling. Influence of the tool profile on the wear behaviour in gear hobbing. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, 18:128–134, 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2016.11.002.
15. F. Klocke, C. Gorgels, R. Schalaster, and A. Stuckenberg. An innovative way of designing gear hobbing processes. Gear Technology, 1:48–53, 2012.
16. C. Claudin, and J. Rech. Effects of the edge preparation on the tool life in gear hobbing. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Manufacturing Engineering (ICMEN), pages 57–70, Chalkidiki, Greece, 1–3 October 2008.
17. J. Rech. Influence of cutting edge preparation on the wear resistance in high speed dry gear hobbing. Wear, 261(5-6):505–512, 2006. doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2005.12.007.
18. C. Claudin, and J. Rech. Development of a new rapid characterization method of hob’s wear resistance in gear manufacturing – Application to the evaluation of various cutting edge preparations in high speed dry gear hobbing. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209(11):5152–5160, 2009. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2009.02.014.
19. B. Hoffmeister. About Wear on the Hob. D.Sc. Thesis, RWTH Aachen, Germany, 1970 (in German).
20. I. Hrytsay, and V. Stupnytskyy. Prediction the durability of hobs based on contact, and friction analysis on the faces for cutting teeth, and edges during hobbing. In: V. Ivanov, J. Trojanowska, I. Pavlenko, J. Zajac, D. Peraković (eds): Advances in Design, Simulation and Manufacturing IV. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, 1:405–414, 2021. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-77719-7_40.
21. F. Klocke. Manufacturing Processes, Cutting. Springer, RWTH edition, 2011.
22. M.P. Mazur, V.M. Vnukov, V.L. Dobroskok, V.O. Zaloga, J.K. Novosiolov, and F.J. Yakubov. Fundamentals of the Theory of Cutting Materials. Novyy Svit, 2011 (in Ukrainian).
23. I. Hrytsay, V. Stupnytskyy, and V. Topchii. Simulation of loading, and wear rate distribution on cutting edges during gears hobbing. Archive of Mechanical Engineering, 68(1):52–76, 2021. doi: 10.24425/ame.2021.137041.
24. A.B. Aleksandrovich, B.D. Danilenko, Y.V. Loshchinin, T.A. Kolyadina, and I.M. Khatsinskaya. Thermophysical properties of low-alloy high-speed steels. Metal Science and Heat Treatment, 30:502–504, 1988. doi: 10.1007/BF00777438.
25. N.G. Abuladze. Character, and the length of tool–chip contact. In Proceedings of the Machinability of Heat-Resistant and Titanium Alloys, pages 68–78, Kuibyshev, S.U., 1962. (in Russian)..
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Authors and Affiliations

Ihor Hrytsay
1
ORCID: ORCID
Vadym Stupnytskyy
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
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Abstract

The paper presents the results of a simulation on a 3D model of undeformed chips and cutting forces during three-pass gear cutting using the power skiving method. At the level of individual blades and teeth in successive angular cutting positions, the main component of the cutting force and the tangential force on the cutter axis are shown. The analysis of the forces acting on a single gear tooth and the continuous cutting forces allowed the development of a methodology for the selection of rational cutting modes – the value of the axial feed, the number of passes with different cutting depths in order to ensure the minimum time consumption and to achieve the required accuracy of the gears in terms of the parameter of the permissible angular deviation of the profile of the cut gear. It is shown that, provided the required machining accuracy is ensured, higher productivity is achieved by increasing the axial feed at a lower depth of cut and increasing the number of passes, rather than by reducing the feed and increasing the depth of cut.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ihor Hrytsay
1
ORCID: ORCID
Andrii Slipchuk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
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Abstract

Results of complex mathematical and computer simulation of gear hobbing are given. A systematic approach to research allowed for the development of simulation models and sequencing of all aspects of this complex process. Based on the modeling of non-deformable chips, a new analytical method for analyzing hobbing has been proposed. The shear, friction and cutting forces at the level of certain teeth and edges in the active space of the cutter are analyzed depending on the cut thickness, cross-sectional area, intensity of plastic deformation and length of contact with the workpiece has been developed. The results of computer simulations made it possible to evaluate the load distribution along the cutting edge and to predict the wear resistance and durability of the hob cutter, as well as to develop measures and recommendations for both the tool design and the technology of hobbing in general. Changing the shape of cutting surface, or the design of the tooth, can facilitate separation of the cutting process between the head and leading and trailing edges. In this way, more efficient hobbing conditions can be achieved and the life of the hob can be extended.
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Bibliography

[1] B. Karpuschewski, H.J. Knoche, M. Hipke, and M. Beutner. High performance gear hobbing with powder-metallurgical high-speed-steel. In Procedia CIRP, 1:196–201, 2012. doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2012.04.034.
[2] B. Karpuschewski, M. Beutner, M. Köchig, and C. Härtling. Influence of the tool profile on the wear behaviour in gear hobbing. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, 18:128–134, 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2016.11.002.
[3] K.-D. Bouzakis, O. Friderikos, I. Mirisidis, and I. Tsiafis. Geometry and cutting forces in gear hobbing by a FEM-based simulation of the cutting process. In Proceedings of the 8th CIRP International Workshop on Modeling of Machining Operations, 10-11 May, Chemnitz, 2005.
[4] F. Klocke, C. Gorgels, R. Schalaster, and A. Stuckenberg. An innovative way of designing gear hobbing processes. Gear Technology, May:48–53, 2012.
[5] K.D. Bouzakis, S. Kombogiannis, A. Antoniadis, and N. Vidakis. Gear hobbing cutting process simulation and tool wear prediction models. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 124(1):42–51, 2002. doi: 10.1115/1.1430236.
[6] K.D. Bouzakis, E. Lili E, N. Michailidis, and O. Friderikos. Manufacturing cylindrical gears by generating cutting processes: a critical synthesis of analysis methods. CIRP Annals, 57(2):676–696, 2008. doi: 10.1016/j.cirp.2008.09.001.
[7] G. Skordaris, K.D. Bouzakis, T. Kotsanis, P. Charalampous, E. Bouzakis, O. Lemmer, and S. Bolz. Film thickness effect on mechanical properties and milling performance of nano-structured multilayer PVD coated tools. Surface and Coatings Technology, 307, Part A:452–460, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.09.026.
[8] K.D. Bouzakis, S. Kombogiannis, A. Antoniadis, and N. Vidakis. Modeling of gear hobbing. Cutting simulation, tool wear prediction models and computer supported experimental-analytical determination of the hob life-time. In Proceeding of ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, volume 1, pages 261–269, Shannon, 14–19 November, 1999.
[9] N. Sabkhi, A. Moufki, M. Nouari, C. Pelaingre, and C. Barlier. Prediction of the hobbing cutting forces from a thermomechanical modeling of orthogonal cutting operation. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 23:1–12, 2016. doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2016.05.002.
[10] V. Dimitriou and A. Antoniadis. CAD-based simulation of the hobbing process for the manufacturing of spur and helical gears. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 41(3-4):347–357, 2009. doi: 10.1007/s00170-008-1465-x.
[11] C. Claudin and J. Rech. Effects of the edge preparation on the tool life in gear hobbing. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Manufacturing Engineering (ICMEN), pages 57-70, Chalkidiki, Greece, 1-3 October 2008.
[12] J. Rech. Influence of cutting edge preparation on the wear resistance in high speed dry gear hobbing. Wear, 261(5-6):505–512, 2006. doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2005.12.007.
[13] C. Claudin and J. Rech. Development of a new rapid characterization method of hob’s wear resistance in gear manufacturing – Application to the evaluation of various cutting edge preparations in high speed dry gear hobbing. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209(11):5152–5160, 2009. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2009.02.014.
[14] B. Hoffmeister. Über den Verschleiß am Wälzfräser (About wear on the hob). D.Sc. Thesis, RWTH Aachen, Germany, 1970 (in German).
[15] V.P. Astakhov. Metal Cutting Mechanics. CRC Press, 1999.
[16] P. Gutmann. Zerspankraftberechnung beim Waelzfraesen (Calculation of the cutting force for hobbing). Ph.D. Thesis, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, 1988 (in German).
[17] I. Hrytsay, V.Stupnytskyy, and V. Topchii. Improved method of gear hobbing computer aided simulation. Archive of Mechanical Engineering, 66(4):475–494, 2019. doi: 10.24425/ame.2019.131358.
[18] V. Stupnytskyy and I. Hrytsay. Computer-aided conception for planning and researching of the functional-oriented manufacturing process. In: Tonkonogyi V. et al. (eds) Advanced Manufacturing Processes. InterPartner-2019. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, pages 309–320, 2020. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-40724-7_32.
[19] I. Hrytsay and V. Stupnytskyy. Advanced computerized simulation and analysis of dynamic processes during the gear hobbing. In: Tonkonogyi V. et al. (eds) Advanced Manufacturing Processes. InterPartner-2019. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, pages 85–97, 2019. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-40724-7_9.
[20] S.S. Silin. Similarity Methods in Metal Cutting, Mashinostroenie, Moscow, 1979. (in Russian).
[21] S.P. Radzevich. Gear Cutting Tools. Science and Engineering. CRC Press, 2017.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ihor Hrytsay
1
ORCID: ORCID
Vadym Stupnytskyy
1
ORCID: ORCID
Vladyslav Topchi
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine

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