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Liquid consistency of organic soils under the bridge construction

Grzegorz Kacprzak Paweł Pietrzykowski Želmir Veinović

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2021 | vol. 67 | No 2 | 181-194 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2021.137162

Keywords gyttja consistency organic sediments geotechnics standards

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Abstract

The paper presents the case study of geotechnical investigations reporting connected with expert’s opinion on undrained shear strength of organic sediments in the river valley at the north of Poland according to reinforcement methodology of c.a. 0,7 km highway embankment. Diversification of primary results caused additional research which revealed and confirmed liquid consistency of organic soils – several meters of organic and calcareous sediments – gyttja under the thin cover of peat. The main goal of the paper is a discussion on standardization of consistency of organic soils itself and additionally to point out very rare possibility of liquid consistency, finally not pointed in International Standards ISO 14688. The application of Atterberg limits in organic sediments is moot but even organic soil with water content higher than liquid limit can’t be classified and interpreted as very soft with description as soil which exudes between the fingers when squeezed in the hand. Such identification is practically impossible when it’s hard to squeeze because of gravitationally leaking through the fingers.

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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Kacprzak

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Paweł Pietrzykowski

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Želmir Veinović

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DSc., Eng., Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland
PhD., University of Ecology and Management, Faculty of Architecture, ul. Olszewska 12, 00-792 Warsaw, Poland
PhD., Sc., Eng. Ass. Prof., University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mining Geology and Petroleum Engineering, Pierottijeva 6, p.p. 390, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia

An application of reinforced concrete vaulted slabs and rafts in deep excavation works

Grzegorz Kacprzak Tomasz Daktera Andrzej Stańczyk Urszula Tomczak Seweryn Bodus Michał Werle

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2021 | vol. 67 | No 3 | 61-75 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2021.138043

Keywords metro station construction urban construction construction stages soil-structure interaction diaphragm wall vaulted slab deep excavation

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Abstract

The overall efficiency of a construction of a deep excavation urban project does not depend only on the duration of the construction but also on its influence on the urban environment and the traffic [9, 10]. These two things depend greatly on the excavation method and the construction stages defined during the design process. This paper describes the construction stages of three metro stations (two stations in Warsaw and one in Paris) and discusses their advantages and disadvantages including among other things its impact on neighbouring infrastructure and the city’s traffic. An important conclusion drawn from this analysis is that the shape of the slabs used can considerably affect the design and the construction stages. For example, a vaulted top slab allows an almost immediate traffic restoration and a vaulted bottom raft allows a much shorter dewatering period.

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Bibliography

[1] A. Stańczyk, “Doświadczenia z budowy stacji metra "Ratusz" i "Marymont" w Warszawie”, Inżynieria i Budownictwo, 5, pp. 244–247, 2008.
[2] Daktera, T., Bourgeois, E., Schmitt, P., Jeanmaire, T., Delva, L., & Priol, G., “Design of deep supported excavations: comparison between real behavior and predictions based on the subgrade coefficient method”, Proceedings of the XVII European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, pp. 2608–2615, 2019.
[3] Daktera T. “Amélioration des méthodes de calcul des écrans de soutènement à partir du retour d'expérience de grands travaux récents » PhD Thesis, Univ Gustave Eiffel, (to be published) 2020.
[4] M. Graff, “Subway in Warsaw”, Transport systems, 12, pp. 25–35, 2018.
[5] K.F. Unrug, “Shaft design criteria”, International Journal of Mining Engineering, 2, 141–155, 1984.
[6] ILF CONSULTING ENGINEERS, “Design and construction of the underground line II from “Rondo Daszyńskiego” station to the “DworzecWileński” station in Warsaw”, 2010.
[7] M. Mitew-Czajewska, “Geotechnical investigation and static analysis of deep excavation walls – a case study of metro station construction in Warsaw”, Ann. Warsaw Univ. Life Sci. – SGGW, Land Reclam. 47 (2), pp. 163–171, 2015. http://doi.org/10.1515/sggw-2015-0022
[8] A. Sieminska-Lewandowska, “Budowa obiektu a obudowa wykopu – niełatwe zależności”, Nowoczesne Budownictwo Inżynieryjne, marzec kwiecień, pp. 64–71, 2010.
[9] A. Siemińska-Lewandowska, “Głębokie wykopy. Projektowanie i wykonawstwo.”, WKŁ, Warszawa, 2010.
[10] G. Kacprzak, S. Bodus, “The modelling of excavation protection in a highly urbanised environment”, Technical Transactions, Vol. 1, pp. 133–142, 2019. https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.19.009.10049

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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Kacprzak

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Tomasz Daktera

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Andrzej Stańczyk

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Urszula Tomczak

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Seweryn Bodus

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Michał Werle

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Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland
Soletanche Bachy International 280 Avenue Napoléon Bonaparte, 92500 Rueil Malmaison, France
Warbud S.A.

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Liquid consistency of organic soils under the bridge construction

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Authors and Affiliations

An application of reinforced concrete vaulted slabs and rafts in deep excavation works

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Bibliography

Authors and Affiliations