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Abstract

Environmental contamination is an urgent topic to be solved for sustainable society. Among various pollutants, microorganisms are believed to be the most dangerous and difficult to be completely inactivated. In this research, a new hybrid photoreactor assisted with rotating magnetic field (RMF) has been proposed for the efficient removal of two types of bacteria, i.e., gram-negative Escherichia coli and gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis. Three selfsynthesized photocatalysts were used, based on commercial titanium(IV) oxide - P25, homogenized and then modified with copper by photodeposition, as follows: 0.5Cu@HomoP25, 2.0Cu@HomoP25 and 5.0Cu@HomoP25 containg 0.5, 2.0 and 5.0 wt% of deposited copper, respectively. The response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to design the experiments and to deteremine the optimal conditions. The effects of various parameters such as copper concentration [% w/w], time [h] and frequency of RMF [Hz] were studied. Results: Analysis of variance (ANOVA), revealed a good agreement between experimental data and proposed quadratic polynomial model ((R2=0.86 for E. coli and R2=0.69 for S. epidermidis). Experimental results showed that with increasing copper concentration, time and decreasing of frequency of RMF removal efficiency was increased. Accordingly, the water disinfection efficiency of 100% in terms of the independent variables was optimized, including cooper concentration c =5 % and 2.5% w/w, time t = 3 h and 1.3 h and frequency of rotating magnetic field f = 50 Hz and 26.6 for E.coli and S. epidermidis, respectively. This study showed that response surface methodology is a useful tool for optimizing the operating parameters for photocatalytic disinfection process.
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Authors and Affiliations

Oliwia Paszkiewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Kunlei Wang
2
ORCID: ORCID
Marian Kordas
1
ORCID: ORCID
Rafał Rakoczy
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ewa Kowalska
2 3
ORCID: ORCID
Agata Markowska-Szczupak
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Chemical Technologyand Engineering, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Piastow 42, 71-065Szczecin, Poland
  2. Hokkaido University, Institute for Catalysis (ICAT), N21, W9, 001-0021 Sapporo, Japan
  3. Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland

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