Abstract
The aim of the paper is to present an overview of the theoretical basis and stages of the
process of opportunities exploration and exploitation in the development of innovativeness of
small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and its preliminary empirical verification on the
basis of experience derived from economic practice. The aim of the paper is realized based
on the author’s own empirical research carried out in the form of a case study conducted
among 5 innovative SME companies in Poland. The results indicate that the analyzed
companies associate opportunities directly with entrepreneurship and the development of
innovative activity. They take various actions that are part of theoretical principles of effective
opportunities exploration and exploitation, which allows them to obtain a number of
pro-innovative benefits and which supports the creation of competitive advantage.
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